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The Preterite Tense

The Preterite Tense. What are the uses of the Preterite Tense?. 1) To talk about specific actions, completed at a specific time in the past. Example: Ayer yo fui al centro comercial. Yesterday I went to the mall. What are the uses of the Preterite Tense?.

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The Preterite Tense

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  1. The Preterite Tense

  2. What are the uses of the Preterite Tense? • 1) To talk about specific actions, completed at a specific time in the past. • Example: Ayer yo fui al centro comercial. • Yesterday I went to the mall.

  3. What are the uses of the Preterite Tense? • 2) To talk about successive completed events. • Example: Esta mañana yo me desperté a las cinco, me levanté a las cinco y diez, me duché, me vestí, me cepillé los dientes y salí para la escuela. • This morning I woke up, got up, showerd, got dressed…etc.

  4. Expressions Used to Help Identify the Preterite Tense • ayer – yesterday • anteayer- the day before yest • anoche – last night • la semana pasada – last week • el año pasado- last year • el fin de semana pasado – last • weekend

  5. Expressions Used to Help Identify the Imperfect Tense • el verano pasado – last summer • una vez – one time • un día – one day • de repente – suddenly • de pronto - suddenly • finalmente –finally

  6. Uses of the Preterite Tense • 3) To talk about actions that interrupt other activities. • Example: Mientras yo miraba la tele, mi amigo llegó. • While I was watching TV, my friend arrived.

  7. Uses of the Preterite Tense • 4) The beginning and end of certain states or situations. • Example: La clase empezó a las siete. • The class began at seven. • Example: Después de la cena, ella se durmió. • After dinner she fell asleep.

  8. How do I conjugate in the Preterite Tense? • You drop the ENDING and add a given set of endings to the STEM. • Are there stem changes? • Yes! In the sandal of “-ir” verbs only. • (ei , ou)

  9. How do I conjugate in the Preterite Tense? • Are there spelling changes? • Yes! In the “yo” form of “-ar” verbs (-gar, -car, -zar)… c  qu g  gu z  c • …and in the sandal of “-er/-ir” verbs whose stem ends in a vowel. (iy) • Are there irregulars? • Yes! There are lots of irregulars including “special” stems which have “special” endings. • GUSTAR: Two forms-gustó / gustaron

  10. Uses of the Preterite Tense • haber – hubo • there was/there were • This implies that an event “took place, ocurred” • Example: Hubo un accidente. • There was an accident.

  11. Imperfect Tense Endings“-AR” VERBS -é -amos -asteis -aste -aron -ó

  12. comprar – to buy compré compramos compraste comprasteis compró compraron

  13. “-ar verbs” • Verbs that end in “-gar, -car, -zar” have a spelling change before the -é ending of the “yo” form. • c  qu g  gu z  c • There are no stem changes in ”-ar” verbs of the preterite tense.

  14. buscar – to look for busqué buscamos buscaste buscasteis buscó buscaron

  15. pagar – to pay pagué pagamos pagaste pagasteis pagó pagaron

  16. empezar – to begin empecé empezamos empezaste empezasteis empezó empezaron

  17. jugar – to play jugué jugamos jugaste jugasteis jugó jugaron

  18. Imperfect Tense Endings“-ER/-IR” VERBS -í -imos -isteis -iste -ieron -ió

  19. comer – to eat comí comimos comiste comisteis comió comieron

  20. vivir – to live viví vivimos viviste vivisteis vivió vivieron

  21. ir - to go fui fuimos fuisteis fuiste fue fueron

  22. ser - to be fui fuimos fuisteis fuiste fue fueron

  23. ver – to see -vi -vimos -visteis -viste -vieron -vio

  24. dar – to give -di -dimos -disteis -diste -dieron -dio

  25. “-aer, -eer, -uir verbs” • Verbs that end in “-aer, -eer, -uir” have a spelling change in the sandal of iy. • ió  yó ieron  yeron • “-aer” & “-eer” verbs have accents on every “I” outside of the sandal. • “-uir” verbs have the same accents as usual (weak vowels)

  26. -aer, -eer verbs • (add accents to these) • caerse – to fall • leer – to read • creer – to think, believe • oír – to hear

  27. oír – to hear (notice accents) -oí -oímos -oísteis -oíste -oyeron -oyó

  28. leer – to read (notice accents) -leí -leímos -leísteis -leíste -leyeron -leyó

  29. caerse – to fall (notice accents) -me caí -nos caímos -os caísteis -te caíste -se cayeron - se cayó

  30. -uir verbs • (regular accents) • construir – to build, construct • destruir – to destroy • influir – to influence • concluir – to conclude

  31. influir – to influence(normal accents) -influí -influimos -influisteis -influiste -influyeron -influyó

  32. pedir – to ask for (ei) -pedí -pedimos -pediste -pedisteis -pidieron -pidió

  33. preferir – to prefer (ei) preferí preferimos preferiste preferisteis prefirieron prefirió

  34. dormir – to sleep (ou) dormí dormimos dormiste dormisteis durmieron durmió

  35. reír to laugh (ei) accent and spelling issues! reí reímos reíste reísteis rieron rió

  36. Verbs with “Special Stems” • There are a set of verbs that have an irregular stem. • This stem is used throughout the entire verb chart. • They also use a different set of endings. • They don’t have any accents!

  37. Endings for Verbs with “Special Stems” -e -imos -isteis -iste -ieron -o

  38. Verbs with “Special Stems” • hacer  hic- • hiz- in the él/ella form • querer  quis- • venir  vin –

  39. Verbs with “Special Stems” • decir  dij- • conducir  conduj- • producir  produj- • traducir  traduj- • traer  traj- • In all of these verbs the “i” is dropped from “-ieron” • (dijeron, condujeron, trajeron etc.)

  40. Verbs with “Special Stems” • andar  anduv- • tener  tuv- • estar  estuv- • poder  pud- • poner  pus- • saber  sup-

  41. querer – to want quise quisimos quisiste quisisteis quiso quisieron

  42. saber – to know supe supimos supiste supisteis supo supieron

  43. conducir – to drive condujimos conduje condujiste condujisteis condujo condujeron

  44. andar – to walk anduvimos anduve anduviste anduvisteis anduvo anduvieron

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