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Preterite tense verbs

Explanation and conjugations. Preterite tense verbs. Preterite tense The preterite is used for a past action that is completed . Treat the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED. How to form regular verbs: 1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir)

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Preterite tense verbs

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  1. Explanation and conjugations Preterite tense verbs

  2. Preterite tense The preterite is used for a past action that is completed. Treat the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED. How to form regular verbs: 1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) 2: add the appropriate endings to match the subject. -ar verb endings -er /-ir endings Preterite Tense Notes é amos í imos aste asteis iste isteis ó aron ió ieron Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterite and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos. Context gives us the clues to know which tense is being used.

  3. Conversación Your partner asks if you did each of these actions yesterday. Respond yes and add a sentence about how it was (ie. "it was fun") • comer en un restaurante • enviar textos • tomar el tren • escribir un ensayo • leer un libro • ver una película • trabajar • visitar la familia

  4. Changes for sound In order to preserve the sound of the infinitive verb, some verbs change spelling in a few forms in the preterite tense. "Yo" form changes only: Verbs that end in -gar change g to guéVerbs that end in -car change c to quéVerbs that end in -zar change z to cé Spelling Changes in the Preterit Ayer, yo tocé el piano toqué

  5. For ER/IR verbs that end in two vowels before the R (ie "leer" or "contribuir"), some the 3rd and 5th forms will conjugate with 3 vowels in a row This is not usually allowed in Spanish, so the "i" is changed into a "y": Spelling Changes, continued

  6. Listening practice • Hola, amigo. ¿Recibiste las notas del primer semestre? • Sí, nos las pasaron en la segunda clase. • ¿Y sacaste buenas notas? • Sí, en todos menos la clase de Profe Brown. Él me marcó muy mal. • ¿Hablaste con él? • Sí, unos otros estudiantes y yo fuimos a su oficina para preguntarle por qué. • ¿Y qué les contestó? • Que no estudiamos suficientemente para el examen. • Ay, sí. Yo también fracasé en éste. • Sí, fue horrible. 7

  7. Stem changers in the preterite -ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.

  8. Stem changers in the preterite • -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite. However, they make different changes in the preterite: • If they change o-UE in the present, they change o-u in the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.

  9. Stem changers in the preterite • If they change e-ie or e-i in the present, they change e-i in the preterite. This change only occurs in the él and ellos forms.

  10. Alternate endings Some verbs, because of their short length, take alternate endings ser / ir dar (takes -er endings) Irregular Verbs in the Preterite

  11. Alternate endings A number of verbs that are irregular in the preterite follow a particular pattern. Their stems change in ALL FORMS, and they all take the following irregular endings: -e -imos-iste -isteis-o -ieron Irregular Verbs in the Preterite

  12. Here are the irregular verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes. Remember to use the irregular endings on these verbs. Note: One exception is the él form (3rd person, singular) of hacer. To preserve the sound, the C changes to Z to form "él hizo." Note: A second exception is the ellos form (3rd person, plural) of decir and traer. These two verbs take the ending "eron", without the normal "i"

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