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Vocabulary Unit 3 Level E

Vocabulary Unit 3 Level E. adversary. Connotation: neutral Etymology: early 14c., aduersere, from Anglo-Fr. adverser (13c.), from O.Fr. adversier, from L. adversarius "opponent, adversary, rival," lit. "turned toward one," from adversus "turned against" (see adverse).

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Vocabulary Unit 3 Level E

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  1. Vocabulary Unit 3 Level E

  2. adversary Connotation: neutral Etymology: early 14c., aduersere, from Anglo-Fr. adverser (13c.), from O.Fr. adversier, from L. adversarius "opponent, adversary, rival," lit. "turned toward one," from adversus "turned against" (see adverse). Word Structure: prefix ad- means toward; root vers = turn

  3. alienate Connotation: Negative Etymology:1400–50; late Middle English < Latin aliēnātus  (past participle of aliēnāre), equivalent to aliēn Word Structure: verb suffix –ate = to become, produce, or treat

  4. artifice Connotation: Negative Etymology:1525–35; Anglo-French < Latin artificium  craftsmanship, art, craftiness

  5. coerce Connotation: Negative Etymology:1425–75; late Middle English < Latin coercēre  to hold in, restrain

  6. craven Connotation: Negative Etymology:1175–1225; Middle English cravant, cravaunde  defeated < Old French craventé,  past participle of cravanter  to crush, overwhelm

  7. culinary Connotation: Neutral Etymology: 1630–40; < Latin culīnārius  of the kitchen, equivalent to culīn = kitchen, food + -ārius

  8. demise Connotation: Negative Etymology:1400–50; late Middle English dimis < Old French demis  (past participle of desmetre ) < Latin dīmissum  (past participle of dīmittere ); see dismiss

  9. exhilarate Connotation: Positive Etymology: 1530–40; < Latin exhilarātus  past participle of exhilarāre  to gladden, equivalent to ex- + hilarāre  to cheer ( see hilarity)

  10. fallow Connotation: negative Etymology:1275–1325; Middle English falwe;  compare Old English fealga,  plural of *fealh,  as gloss of Medieval Latin occas  harrows

  11. harass Connotation: Negative Etymology:1610–20; < French, Middle French harasser  to harry, harass, v. derivative of harace, harache  (in phrase courre a la harace  pursue) = hare  cry used to urge dogs on (< Frankish *hara  here, from this side

  12. inclement Connotation: Negative Etymology: 1615–25; < Latin inclēment,  equivalent to in- + clement =mild, merciful

  13. Liquidate Connotation: neutral Etymology: c.1575, "to reduce to order, to set out clearly" (of accounts), from L.L liquidare "to melt, make liquid or clear, clarify," (see liquid). Sense of "clear away" (a debt) first recorded 1755. The meaning "wipe out, kill" is from 1924

  14. muse Connotation: Positive Etymology:1300–50; Middle English musen  to mutter, gaze meditatively on, be astonished

  15. negligible Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1820–30; < Latin neglig (ere) to neglect + -ible

  16. perpetuate Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1520–30; < Latin perpetuātus  (past participle of perpetuāre,  derivative of perpetuus  uninterrupted).

  17. precedent Connotation: Neutral/Positive Etymology: 1350–1400; (adj.) Middle English < Latin praecēdent-   to go before, precede

  18. punitive Connotation: Negative Etymology: 1615–25; < Medieval Latin pūnītīvus  of punishment, (past participle of pūnīre  to punish)

  19. redress Connotation: Neutral Etymology: 1275–1325; (v.) Middle English redressen  < Middle French redresser, Old French redrecier,  equivalent to re- + drecier  to straighten ( see dress)

  20. sojourn Connotation: Neutral Etymology: 1200–50; (v.) Middle English sojurnen  < Old French sojorner  to rest, stay < see journey

  21. urbane Connotation: Neutral Etymology: 1610–20; < Latin urbānus,  equivalent to urb-  city

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