1 / 14

From Republic to Empire

From Republic to Empire. Key Terms. Imperialism Province Latifundia Census. Winning an Empire. Because of Rome’s conquest, they were brought into contact with Carthage Both empires were engaged in the Punic Wars. Punic Wars. First Punic War

crwys
Download Presentation

From Republic to Empire

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. From Republic to Empire

  2. Key Terms • Imperialism • Province • Latifundia • Census

  3. Winning an Empire • Because of Rome’s conquest, they were brought into contact with Carthage • Both empires were engaged in the Punic Wars

  4. Punic Wars • First Punic War • Rome defeated Carthage and won Sicily, Corsica, and Sardinia • Second Punic War • Hannibal led his army through the Alps for a surprise attack • For 15 years, Hannibal moved across Italy, winning battle after battle • Hannibal returned to defend his homeland, which was in ruins • Third Punic War • Rome completely destroyed Carthage • Killed or put people to slavery, salted their land

  5. Other Conquests • Romans were committed to a policy of imperialism • Establishing control over foreign lands and peoples • Macedonia, Greece, and parts of Asia Minor became Roman provinces

  6. Social and Economic Effects • Wealthy families bought up huge estates, called Latifundia • Widespread use of slave labor hurt small farmers • Many farmers fell into debt and had to sell their land • New wealth also increased corruption • Greed and self-interest replaced virtues

  7. Attempts at Reform • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus • Tiberius was elected a tribune in 133 BC • Wanted to distribute land to poor farmers • Gaius was elected 10 years later • Included the use of public funds to buy grain to feed the poor • Both were killed in riots sent by the senate

  8. Julius Caesar’s Rise to Power • Caesar dominated Roman politics with Pompey • Pompey persuaded the senate to order Caesar to disband his army and return to Rome • Caesar crushed Pompey

  9. Caesar’s Reforms • Launched a program of public works to employ the jobless and gave public land to the poor • Reorganized the government and granted Roman citizenship to more people • Introduced the new calendar based on Egyptian knowledge

  10. Assassination and Civil Wars • Caesar was stabbed to death when he arrived in the senate • After Julius Caesar’s death, Mark Antony and Octavian joined forces to hunt down the murderers • Octavian over ruled Antony

  11. Roman Empire and Roman Peace • Octavian changed his name to Augustus • “Exalted One” • Republic came to an end after 500 years • Age of the Roman Empire • Augustus created a well-trained civil service • Make the tax system more fair

  12. Bad Emperors and Good Emperors • Bad • Caligula- appointed his favorite horse as consul • Nero-Started a great fire that destroyed much of Rome • Domitian • Good • Hadrian- codified Roman law • Marcus Aurelius- provided Stoic philosophy

  13. The Pax Romana • Started with Augustus and ended with Marcus Aurelius • “Roman Peace” • Roman rule brought peace, order, unity, and prosperity • During the Pax Romana • No pirates • Trade flowed freely • Egyptian farmers were supplying grain • Silk Road

  14. Questions to Consider • Why did the Pax Romana change Rome? • Explain the differences among the three Punic Wars. • Describe the life of Julius Caesar. Why was he so important in Roman history? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jk8xlblMFXI • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVL0qU-aynU

More Related