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Theories of Second Language Acquisition

Lecture 5. 3. Cognitive Psychological Approach. 4. The Sociological Approach. Theories of Second Language Acquisition. How could people acquire an L2?. 2. The Cognitive Theory. SLA is viewed as the acquisition of a complex cognitive skill . Cognitive Theory.

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Theories of Second Language Acquisition

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  1. Lecture 5 3. Cognitive Psychological Approach. 4. The Sociological Approach. Theories of Second Language Acquisition Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  2. How could people acquire an L2? Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  3. 2 The Cognitive Theory Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  4. SLA is viewed as the acquisition of a complex cognitive skill. Cognitive Theory Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  5. This skill is composed of various aspects of performance which must be practised and integrated to achieve fluent performance. Cognitive Theory Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  6. Cognitive Theory This requires the automatizationof component sub-skill. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  7. In other words, through experience and practice L2 learners become able to use some of their knowledge so quickly and spontaneously that they are not even aware of doing it. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  8. SKILL Performance A Patterns of Performance Performance B Fluency Performance C Performance D Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  9. COGNITIVE THEORY Observing others Internal process that change behaviour Behave in certain ways to reach goals Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  10. INTERACTION Interaction of knowledge New acquisition knowledge ‘fits’ and ‘restructure’. Restructure the first patterns system. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  11. There is an interaction between the element the learner is learning and the knowledge he has already acquired. This may restructure the system (language) the learner has. RESTRUCTURING Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  12. L2 learner’s performance improves and develops through constant reorganizing and restructuring of information contained in this system. RESTRUCTURING Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  13. 4 The Sociological Approach Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  14. In late 1970s and early 1980s research attention began to be given to the social context of adult SLA. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  15. This becomes known as Acculturation/sociological Approach Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  16. the process of becomingadapted to the culture of the new or second language. Acculturation Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  17. This involves developing an understanding of the systems of thoughts, beliefs, and emotions of the new culture as well as its system of communication. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  18. A function of the social and psychologicaldistance between the learner and the native speakers of the L2. Acculturation Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  19. The more decreasing the social distance between the learner and native speakers of the L2, the faster the development towards the L2 norm. socialdistance Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  20. If the learner believes that there is no need to communicate with the L2 society, this will increase the socialdistance which will make his/her L2 very simple! In other words… Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  21. Psychological distance When the psychological distance is high, the learner will fail to convert input into intake (that is fail to get the best of this input and make it available any time the learner calls). Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  22. Psychological distance might be affected by factors like … • language shock • culture stress • motivation • needs Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  23. When there are hindrances (difficulties) to acculturation, the L2 learner will not make progress beyond the early stages of acquisition of the L2, and his language will stay pidignized. Pidgin Language COMPETENCE INPUT Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

  24. References Cook, G. (2003). Applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Noor, H. & Al-Qadi, N. (2003). A course in applied linguistics for EFL/ ESL Arab students. AlmadinahAlmunawwarah: Dar Al-Iman. R. B. Kaplan (Ed.) (2002), The oxford handbook of applied linguistics New York: Oxford University Press. Hind Albeladi, April, 2010

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