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Europe and Africa

Europe and Africa. Can Europe act as a Responsible Global Player?. Today. European responsibilities… Cotonou agreement, beyond post colonialism? 10th European Development Fund Civil society and the Cotonou Agreement EU-Africa dialogue Lunch

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Europe and Africa

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  1. Europe and Africa Can Europe act as a Responsible Global Player?

  2. Today • European responsibilities… • Cotonou agreement, beyond post colonialism? • 10th European Development Fund • Civil society and the Cotonou Agreement • EU-Africa dialogue Lunch • Workshops on influencing European aid to ACP countries

  3. What common history?

  4. Europe today?

  5. European way of life…

  6. European democracy?European Parliament elections turnout… EU Average 47,8%

  7. European Social Model…

  8. - Europe’s responsibility- Europe’s model imperfectEurope should be responsible and remain modest

  9. Cotonou agreement: Innovative agreement beyond postcolonial relationship?

  10. EU-ACP relations: Brief History • Rome • Yaoundé • Lomé • Maastricht • Cotonou • Lisbon

  11. Structure of the Cotonou agreement • General Provisions (Political dimension and key principles) • Joint Institutions • Cooperation (development and trade) • Development Finance

  12. Political dimension, strong principles • Fight against poverty • Millennium Development Goals • Partnership • Ownership • Participation • Dialogue on Human Rights • Human and Social Development

  13. Joint institutions • ACP-EU Joint Council • ACP-EU Committee of ambassadors • ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly

  14. Development Aid in practice: European Development Fund • Programming 2008-2013: €22,8 billion • Should be “serving the eradication of poverty and sustainable development” • “Cotonou principles applied in theory…” • Priorities reflecting the interest of certain elites in Europe and in Africa • Difficult for the European Parliament to get a role in this process

  15. Trade in practice: Economic Partnership Agreements • “Integration of ACP countries into the world economy…” • Free trade area between the EU and ACP regions • Towards the end of a trade preference system really in the interest of ACPs • Regional integration dictated by the EU • Strong impact on small ACP producers • Use of aid to push for further trade liberalisation

  16. Cotonou Agreement: Nice RhetoricPractice to watch

  17. Programming of the 10th European Development Fund Who’s interests?

  18. 10th European Development Fund • Countries covered: Sub-Saharan Africa, Caribbean, Pacific • Legal basis: Cotonou Agreement (article 179) • Procedure: Decisions taken by the Commission and the Council in theory with ACP countries. • Establish of parliamentary scrutiny still debated

  19. Article 179 TEC Cotonou Agreement European Consensus Other International Commitments Regional Strategies European Development Fund CSPs / RSPs Council JPA / European Parliament Annual Action programmes

  20. Drafting of a Country Strategy Paper

  21. EDF 10 breakdown2008-2013

  22. ACP country funding (2008-2013)

  23. Governance Incentive Tranche • Part of the money made conditional to the fulfilment of a profile • Profile includes: Human Rights, Transparency, accountability but also trade liberalisation, illegal migration, fight against terrorism Allocations: • 10%: Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Congo Brazzaville; • 20%: Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Kiribati, Micronesia, Kiribati, Swaziland; • 25%: Burundi, Benin, Mali, Senegal, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Sao Tomé & Principe, Senegal, Lesotho, Liberia, Jamaica, etc; • 30 – 35%: Rwanda, Botswana, Ghana, Cape Verde,

  24. Benchmarks for scrutinizing EDF programming • Ownership • Civil Society Participation • Health and Education • Gender Justice • General Budget Support • Regional Integration and Trade • Environmental Sustainability • Governance

  25. EDF committee discussions • Almost all draft CSPs ready • Member States received them all informally • Discussions in October/November/ January? • Qualified Majority needed for longer discussion • Mid-Term review coming quickly

  26. Actions to envisage at national level • Exchange with EDF committee representatives • Contact European members of the Joint Parliamentary Assembly • Contact your parliament members (EDF ratification)

  27. Summary of the process Draft CSP prepared by the Commission 2005 / 2006 Negotiations with ACP governments End 2006 / beginning 2007 Final draft prepared in Brussels by Commission First semester 2007 CSP given a favourable opinion in EDF committee October 2007 / January 2008 CSP finalised and signed Beginning 2007 Implementation monitored by JPA / EU Parliament?? 2008 / 2009

  28. Principles of the Cotonou Agreement are being violated within the EDF programming We should hold our governments and parliaments to account on European aid to ACP countries

  29. Civil Society and the Cotonou Agreement

  30. Civil Society and the Cotonou Agreement • In the ACPs: • National Cotonou Platform/ Working Groups • No Pan-ACP gathering • Attempts to set up an ACP Civil Society Forum

  31. Civil Society and the Cotonou Agreement • In Europe: • National Africa/Cotonou Working Groups • Concord Cotonou Aid Working Group • Concord Cotonou Trade Working Group

  32. Concord Cotonou Aid Working Group • Political Agenda: • 10th EDF programming • Governance debate • Budget debate and future of the ACP group • Key moments • Influencing EDF committee (November/December/January) • Engaging with the JPA (November 2007 / June 2008) • Assessing the 10th EDF programming (Spring 2008) • Seminar on the implementation of the 10th EDF (Autumn 2008) • Debate on the EC budget review (2008)

  33. Civil Society and the Cotonou Agreement • Between Europe and ACP: • Coordinated advocacy activities • Sharing information • Joint letters • Joint Seminars • Brussels February 2007, 2008? • Joint activities • JPA in Kigali, November 2007

  34. How to engage with ACP NGOs? • Sharing of information • Case studies (We decide you own!) • Joint Parliamentary Assembly • Cotonou Working Group Seminar • Visits to your country (meeting with govt, parliamentarians, Development agency…)

  35. http://www.acp-programming.eu

  36. - Various channels to engage in EU/ACP discussions.- Need for specific activities towards Hungarian government and parliamentarians.Time to act…

  37. EU/Africa dialogue, an attempt to sideline Cotonou?

  38. EU-Africa Dialogue • Strategic partnership with the whole continent based on shared objectives and common values • Building on values and principles included in: • EU treaty • Cotonou Agreement • Barcelona Process • AU constitutive act • Nepad Manifesto

  39. Strategies? • Chinese strategy for Africa • EU strategy for Africa • Joint EU-Africa Strategy • Any African Strategy for Africa? • Any African Strategy for Europe?

  40. Summit or not Summit?

  41. Joint EU-Africa Strategy… Political Content • Peace and Security • Governance and Human Rights • Trade and Regional Integration • Key Development Issues Institutional Architecture Follow up : Action plan

  42. Joint strategy: impact on Cotonou • Adapting existing instruments to new strategy? • Review of the Cotonou Agreement in 2010 • Real space for civil society?

  43. Renewed EU/Africa dialogue could further diminish ACP’s policy spaceCotonou commitments should be at least safeguarded

  44. WorkshopInfluencing European aid to African Caribbean and Pacific countries

  45. Summary of the process Draft CSP prepared by the Commission 2005 / 2006 Negotiations with ACP governments End 2006 / beginning 2007 Final draft prepared in Brussels by Commission First semester 2007 CSP given a favourable opinion in EDF committee October 2007 / January 2008 CSP finalised and signed Beginning 2007 Implementation monitored by JPA / EU Parliament?? 2008 / 2009

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