Creativity and innovation

1. Creativity and innovation EN AZIZUL

2. DEFINING CREATIVITY “Creativity is a mental and social process involving the generation of new ideasor concepts, or new associations of the creative mind between existing ideas or concepts. An alternative conception of creativeness is that it is simply the act of making something new..” KAKS 2009

3. THE CREATIVE PROCESS Although popularly associated with art andliterature, it is also an essential part of innovation and invention and is important in professions such as business, economics, architecture, industrial design, science and engineering. KAKS 2009

4. THE PRACTICAL TECHNIQUES These consist of: • Theory Of Inventive Problem Solving –GenrikhAltshuller • Brainstorming – Alex Osborne • Lateral Thinking – Edward de Bono KAKS 2009

5. THE UNIQUENESS OF CREATIVITY • Unlike many phenomena in science, there is no single, authoritative perspective or definition of creativity. And unlike many phenomena in psychology, there is no standardized measurement technique. KAKS 2009

6. ART OF THOUGHT Graham Wallas & Richard Smith, in their work Art of Thought, published in 1926, presented one of the first models of the creative process. In the Wallas stage model, creative insights and illuminations may be explained by a process consisting of 5 stages KAKS 2009

7. 1. PREPARATION & 2. INCUBATION These consist of: (i) preparation (preparatory work on a problem that focuses the individual's mind on the problem and explores the problem's dimensions), (ii) incubation (where the problem is internalized into the unconscious mind and nothing appears externally to be happening), KAKS 2009

8. 3. INTIMATION, 4. ILLUMINATION & 5. VERIFICATION (iii) intimation (the creative person gets a 'feeling' that a solution is on its way), (iv) illumination or insight (where the creative idea bursts forth from its preconscious processing into conscious awareness); and (v) verification (where the idea is consciously verified, elaborated, and then applied). KAKS 2009

9. CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT THINKING • Convergent thinking involves aiming for a single, correct solution to a problem, whereas divergent thinking involves creative generation of multiple answers to a set problem. • Divergent thinking is sometimes used as a synonym for creativity in psychology literature. • Other researchers have occasionally used the terms flexible thinking or fluid intelligence KAKS 2009

10. A WHOLE NEW MIND • Daniel Pink, in his 2005 book A Whole New Mind, repeating arguments posed throughout the 20th century, argues that we are entering a new age where creativity is becoming increasingly important. In this conceptual age, we will need to foster and encourage right-directed thinking (representing creativity and emotion) over left-directed thinking (representing logical, analytical thought). KAKS 2009

11. DEVELOPING CREATIVITY • Establishing purpose and intention • Building basic skills • Encouraging acquisitions of domain-specific knowledge • Stimulating and rewarding curiosity and exploration • Building motivation, especially internal motivation KAKS 2009

12. DEVELOPING CREATIVITY - 2 • Encouraging confidence and a willingness to take risks • Focusing on mastery and self-competition • Promoting supportable beliefs about creativity • Providing opportunities for choice and discovery KAKS 2009

13. DEVELOPING CREATIVITY - 3 • Developing self-management (metacognitive skills) • Teaching techniques and strategies for facilitating creative performance • Providing balance KAKS 2009

14. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX The ability to "think outside the box" is highly sought after. However, the above-mentioned paradox may well imply that firms pay lip service to thinking outside the box while maintaining traditional, hierarchical organization structures in which individual creativity is not rewarded. KAKS 2009

15. THE CREATIVE CLASS • The creative classis seen by some to be an important driver of modern economies. In his 2002 book, The Rise of the Creative Class, economist Richard Florida popularized the notion that regions with "3 T's of economic development: Technology, Talent and Tolerance" also have high concentrations of creative professionals and tend to have a higher level of economic development. KAKS 2009

16. INNOVATION The term innovation means a new way of doing something. It may refer to incremental, radical, and revolutionary changes in thinking, products, processes, or organizations. A distinction is typically made between invention, an idea made manifest, and innovation, ideas applied successfully. KAKS 2009

17. VALUE CREATION In economics the change must increase value, customer value, or producer value. The goal of innovation is positive change, to make someone or something better. Innovation leading to increased productivity is the fundamental source of increasing wealth in an economy. KAKS 2009

18. NEW AND USEFUL Innovation is typically understood as the successful introduction of something new and useful, for example introducing new methods, techniques, or practices or new or altered products and services. KAKS 2009

19. ECONOMIC INNOVATION Joseph Schumpeter defined economic innovation in The Theory of Economic Development as the following: 1. The introduction of a new good — that is one with which consumers are not yet familiar — or of a new quality of a good. KAKS 2009

20. ECONOMIC INNOVATION - 2 2. The introduction of a new method of production, which need by no means be founded upon a discovery scientifically new, and can also exist in a new way of handling a commodity commercially. 3. The opening of a new market, that is a market into which the particular branch of manufacture of the country in question has not previously entered, whether or not this market has existed before. KAKS 2009

21. ECONOMIC INNOVATION - 3 4. The conquest of a new source of supply of raw materials or half-manufactured goods, again irrespective of whether this source already exists or whether it has first to be created. 5. The carrying out of the new organization of any industry, like the creation of a monopoly position or the breaking up of a monopoly position KAKS 2009

22. REASONS FOR FAILURE IN THE INNOVATION PROCESS 1. Poor goal definition 2. Poor alignment of actions to goals 3. Poor participation in teams 4. Poor monitoring of results 5. Poor communication and access to information KAKS 2009

23. Thank You KAKS 2009