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What do all of these have in common?

What do all of these have in common?. Eukaryotic DNA. Have a true nucleus, bound by a double membrane DNA is complexed with proteins called "histones," and is organized into chromosomes Contains a number of chromosomes DNA is linear. Prokaryotic DNA. No nucleus. Nucleoid

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What do all of these have in common?

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  1. What do all of these have in common?

  2. Eukaryotic DNA • Have a true nucleus, bound by a double membrane • DNA is complexed with proteins called "histones," and is organized into chromosomes • Contains a number of chromosomes • DNA is linear

  3. Prokaryotic DNA • No nucleus. • Nucleoid • DNA is circular • Contains only one circular DNA molecule and a varied assortment of much smaller circlets of DNA called "plasmids."

  4. Replication of DNA in nucleus --> • Transcription • Transcription by mRNA (messenger RNA) - takes DNA's blueprint out of nucleus to ribosome --> • Translation • Translation into polypeptides to make proteinsaccomplished at ribosome when tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to ribosome and matches them to mRNA code as it advances through the ribosome;stops forming amino acid chain when it hits a stopcode on mRNA, and polypeptide is released so it can form a protein and do its job in cell.

  5. Multiple Jobs of Protein • Enzymes • Transporters • Immune response • Signals or markers • Structural functions • muscle, cell membrane, hair, hooves, horns, nails, etc.

  6. Got (genetically engineered) Milk?

  7. + BGH =

  8. Growth Hormone DNA

  9. Bacterial Cell Plasmid

  10. Recombinant DNA

  11. Average milk production

  12. 10-40% increase in milk production

  13. Genetic tomatoes

  14. How is a skipping CD like a genetically modified tomato?

  15. GM tomato • Normal (sense) mRNA and Engineered (antisense) mRNA bind • Ribosome unable to bind with mRNAs • Less pectinase enzyme produced • Translation slowed= ripening slowed

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