HUMANITIES ART DESCRIPTION and APPRECIATION

1. HUMANITIESART DESCRIPTION and APPRECIATION

2. It is an 3-unit course where a student will learn how to value self-expression through art. This course will also guide the learners in the world of painting, music, theater, dance, literature, architecture, and interior design. This course will enlighten the students that art is not only for the chosen few but also for every individual, who wants to be well-rounded, matured and refined.

3. HUMANITIES • A versatile subject which consists of the seven arts: painting, sculpture, architecture, music and dance, literature, theater and cinema. These seven arts are the branches of learning that will help you understand the study of humanities. • It comes from the word “humanus” meaning humane, cultured and refined. To be human is to posses the qualities and attributes of man and have the feelings and dispositions proper to man. It is also a study of the different cultural aspects analyzes man’s frailties in life and how this can be improved. • Culture basically includes speech, knowledge, beliefs, arts, technologies, ideals and rules. To be cultured means to be refined and well-versed in the arts, philosophy and languages. It is also a means of misunderstanding man and his affairs.

4. ARTS • Art is very vital in our daily existence. The arts the concrete evidences in the study of humanities. The body of arts consists of ideas, beliefs and values of the past, present and even of the future. It comes from the Aryan root word, “AR” which means to join or to put together. The Latin terms “ARS” means everything that is artificially made or composed by man. According to Leo Tolstoy, “art is a means of union among all men, a means of communication.” To Aristotle, “art has no other end but itself. All arts are patterned on nature. It is also the right reason for making things.”

5. Scope of Humanities • The humanities is a many-faceted subject. It consists of the visual arts, literature, drama and theater, music and dance.

6. 1. The visual arts are those we perceive with our eyes. They may be classified into two groups: Graphic arts-two-dimensional surface. • This term covers any form of visual artistic representation especially painting, drawing, photography, etc. Plastic arts-three-dimensional surface. • This group includes all fields of visual arts in which materials are organized into three-dimensional forms like architecture, landscape architecture, interior design, sculpture crafts, industrial design, dress and costume design, theater design, etc…

7. 2. Literature is the art of combining spoken or written words and their meanings into forms which have artistic and emotional appeal. • Drama - a story re-created by actors on stage in front of an audience. • Prose Fiction – includes narratives created by an author as distinguished from true accounts. – the use of geometrical shapes and forms. Ex. Pablo Picasso: “The Three Musicians” “Nude in a Rocking Chair” George Brake: “Violet and Palette”

8. Essay – a non-fiction expository writing ranging from informal, personal topics to closely critical treatments of important subjects. • Poetry – highly expressive nature using special forms and choice of words and emotional images. Narratives includes epics, romance and ballads and lyric forms includes the sonnets, ode, elegy and song. • Miscellaneous – are history, biography, letters, journals, diaries, and other works not formally classed as literature.

9. 3. Music an art of arranging sounds in rhythmic succession generally in combination. Melody results in this sequence and harmony from the combinations. It is a creative and performing art.

10. Groups • Vocal Music – composed primarily to be sung. • Instrumental Music – is written for instruments of four general types: • Keyboard (piano, keyboard, and organ) • Stringed (violin, cello, guitar, ukulele, banjo) • Woodwind (flute, clarinet, oboe, piccolo, English horn, bassoon) • Brass winds (saxophone, trumpet, French horn, trombone)

11. Music combined with other arts • Opera - drama set to music. It is mostly or entirely sung with an orchestral accompaniment. • Operetta and Musical Comedy – a drama set to music but is light popular romantic often humorous or comic. It uses spoken dialogues. • Oratorio and Cantata – sacred musical drama in concert form based from biblical accounts and made of recited parts with orchestral accompaniment.

12. 4. Drama and TheatreA drama or play is a story re-created by actors on a stage in front of an audience.

13. Types of Drama Tragedy – serious in nature in which the central character comes to some sad and disastrous ending and also portray. Melodrama – the emphasis is on the action rather on the character. Action is a happy ending. Types of Melodrama • Romantic Comedy – light amusing tales of lovers in some dilemma which is finally solved happily. • Farce – light humorous play whose emphasis is on the jokes, humorous physical actions, ludicrous situations and impossible characters. • Comedy of Manners – “drawing room comedy” is sophisticated and sometimes satirical. It uses witty dialogues and characters are usually high society types and situations are unreal.

14. 5. Dance involves the movement of the body and the feet in rhythm.

15. Types of Dances • Ethnologic – include folk dancing associated with national and cultural groups. • Social or Ballroom Dances – popular type of dancing generally performed by pairs. • Ballet – a formalized type of dance which originated in the royal courts of the middle Ages. They may be either solo or concerted dances and generally built around a theme or story. • Modern – are sometimes called contemporary interpretative dances and represents rebellion against the classical formalism of ballet. It is a personal communication of moods and themes. • Musical dances – dances performed by soloists, groups, choruses in theatres, nightclubs, motion pictures, and television. It combines various forms of ballet, modern, tap, and acrobatics.

16. Methods in Presenting Art Subject 1. Realism – presentation of subjects as it is. It is also the portrayal of objective reality. Ex. Audrey Flack: “Queen” Gustace Courbet: “The Stone-Breaker” 2. Abstraction – it means to move away or to separate. The artist is more concerned about the presentation of a part or a portion of a subject.

17. Types of Abstraction • Elongation – subjects are lengthened or stretched out. Ex. El Greco: “the Resurrection” “St Martin and the Beggar” • Distortion – subjects are in a mishappen condition Ex. Henry Moore: “Recumbent Figure” • Cubism – the use of geometrical shapes and forms. Ex. Pablo Picasso: “The Three Musicians” “Nude in a Rocking Chair” George Brake: “Violet and Palette”

18. 3. Fauvism emphasis on pleasure; the artists are non-conformists. Colors are not realistic and are mostly bright. • Ex. Henry Matisse: “The Joy of Life” “The Dance”

19. 4. Dadaism from the French word “DADA” which means hobby-horse and a movement meant to shock the public. • Ex. Marcel Duchamp: “Fountain” Idealistic and subscribed to the ideas of liberty, freedom, justice, and equality. • Ex. Juan Luna: “Spollarium”

20. 5. Romanticism rich and filled with emotion. • Ex. Eugene Delacroix: “Liberty Leading the People”

21. 6. Impressionism is concentrated on the artist’s impression of the moment. • Ex. Claude Monet: “Sunrise” Eduord Manet: “The Beat Waitress”

22. 7. Espressionism based on non-rational and emotional concepts • Harsh, morbid, brutal, introspective • Free distortion of form color through which the painter gives visual form to inner sensations or emotion.

23. 8. Surrealism based from the Freudian Theory “Psychoanalysis; aimed to bring the elements of subconscious to the surface. • Ex. Salvador Dali: “Persistence of Memory”

24. Kinds of Subjects • Landscapes, seascapes, cityscapes these are artworks that show the physical environment. • Still Life groups of inanimate objects arranged in an indoor setting such as objects as dishes of food on a dining table, pots and pans on a kitchen table, etc... • Animals the earliest known paintings are representations of animals. • Portrait is a realistic likeness of a person in sculpture, painting, drawing, or print. • Figures is the traditional chief subject of artists showing the human body, nude or clothed. • Everyday Life this is the artists observation of people going about their usual ways, performing their usual tasks. • History and Legend shows a significant scene in the past; legend pictures the mysteries behind the folk stories. • Religion and Mythology arts are used to instruct, to inspire feelings of devotion and to convert non-believers; many artists have been inspired by the beauty and magic of mythological characters. • Dreams and Fantasies a dream may be of lifelike situation; it may be realistically represented, but if the figure suggests the strange, and the absurd, we would right away classify it a dream picture.

25. Painting • The art of applying color or other organic or synthetic substances to various surfaces to create a representational, imaginative or abstract picture or design. • The earliest known paintings were executed on the walls of caves and rock shelters some 30,000 years ago during Paleolithic period. Some may be seen in Western Europe, Southern and Saharan Africa and Australia.

27. Elements of Painting • Line – it is a man’s own invention; extension of a point. • Vertical lines – power, stability, strength • Horizontal lines – relaxation, calmness, at peace, laziness • Diagonal lines – movement • Curve lines – graceful movements, fluidity, flexibility • Shape – it is an area of flat surface enclosed by a line. • Texture – it refers to the feel or tactile quality of a surface of an object; the roughness or smoothness of an object. • Size – it is smallness or largeness of an object. • Color – it a series of wave lengths which strike our retina. Spectrum consists of different colors: red, orange, blue, indigo and violet.

28. Physical Property of Colors • Hue is a quality which gives color its name. the color of the spectrum are therefore called hues. • Value is the lightness or darkness of color. • Intensity is the strength of the color’s hue. Brightness or dullness of color.

29. Classification of Colors • The Primary Colors are the original colors which cannot be derived from any color combination. They are red, blue and yellow. • The Secondary Colors are the combination of two primary colors. They are green, orange, and violet. • The Tertiary Colors are the combination of both the primary and secondary colors. They are yellow green, yellow orange, blue green, blue violet, red orange, and red violet. • The Complementary Color scheme is composed of one of the primary colors and the combination of two others. For example, the complementary color of red is green, made by mixing yellow and blue. • Analogous colors are three neighboring colors in the color wheel one distinct color among them.

31. Color interpretation • Cold colors – winter, spring, not aggressive in hue • Warm colors – summer. Fall, friendly in character • Red – excitement, danger, war, heat, anger, aggressive • Orange – autumn, warmth, movement, can be disagreeably hot in effect • Green – spring, summer foliage, safety, coolness, restful and pleasant • Yellow – sun, warmth without heat • Blue – coolness, happiness, pleasure, popular with men • Purple – coolness, royalty • Cool colors – dignity, formality • Warm colors – informality, excitement • Pink – femininity • Black – mourning, sorrow, death • White – purity, innocence • Brown – humbleness, nobility

32. Mediums of Painting Pigment – is that part of the paint which supplies the color, is fine powder ground from some clay, stone, or mineral extracted from vegetable matter. • Encaustic – a medium that combines dry pigments with the heat-softened wax and in modern times. Resin • Tempera – earth or mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk and egg white. Since the paint dries quickly, corrections are difficult to make. • Fresco – is the application of earth pigments with water on a plaster wall while the plaster is still damp. Color then sinks into the surface and becomes an integral part of the wall. • Watercolor – is tempered paint made of pure ground pigment bound with gum Arabic. It gives a delicate luminous texture to the painting. • Oil – the pigment is mixed with linseed oil applied to primed canvas. It is flexible. Oil paints are slow to dry and the painting can be changed and worked over a long period of time. • Acrylic – synthetic paint using acrylic polymer emulsions as binder are the newest mediums and the ones that are widely used by today’s painters. They dry quickly like the watercolor and also flexible like the oil. They do not tend to crack, turn yellow or darken with age.

33. Art Related to Painting • Mosaic – it is related to painting only because it creates pictures on flat surfaces. They are wall or floor decorations made of small cubes of irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass called tesserae. • Stained Glass – a translucent glass colored by mixing metallic oxides into the molten glass or by fixing them onto the surface of the clear glass. The glass is then cut into shapes and assembled into the desired image and held together by strips of lead. • Tapestry – are fabrics into which colored designs have been woven.

34. Paintings in Lascaux Cave

42. Hieroglyphics idea of Frontalism

50. SCULPTURE • it is a three-dimensional artwork, an art of producing objects in relief or in the round out of hard materials by means of chisel, carved work, art of molding In clay or other paste materials, figures or objects to be later cast in bronze or other metals or plaster of Paris. • Sculpture (Latin sculpere, “to curve”), three-dimensional art concerned with the organization of masses and volumes. The art or practice of shaping figures or designs in the round or relief