Internet History - NSF’s international programs

1. Internet History - NSF’s international programs Feb. 22, 2004 Kazunori Konishi Konishi@jp.apan.net AP* Retreat in KL

2. APAN Busan meetinghttp://apan.net/meetings/busan03/cs-history.htm Presentation Titles and Speakers:1. Korea Kilnam Chon (Kaist, Korea)2. Japan Kazunori Konishi (KDDI Lab, Japan)3. Thailand Kanchana Kanchanasut (AIT, Thailand)4. Singapore Lawrence Wong (NUS, Singapore) AP* Retreat in KL

3. Brief History of the Internet • 1969: ARPA was formed. (John F. Kennedy) • 1970: ALOHAnet protocol (Norman Abramson) • 1973: ARPAnet was extended to Europe • 1973: Ethernet (Bob Metcalfe) • 1974: TCP/IP protocol (Vint Cerf) • 1979: UUCPnet & USENET (Mark Horton & Rick Adams) • 1981: BITNET (IBM) • 1983: TCP/IP was adopted by ARPAnet (Vint Cerf) CSNET was connected to ARPAnet (Larry Landweber) • 1986: NSFNET with TCP/IP protocol (Larry Landweber) AP* Retreat in KL

4. ICM (1990.12 – 1997.9) • Steve Goldstein was in charge of the project, managed by Steve Wolff. • Started from 128kbps to INRIA (France) • Upgraded to 50Mbps, shared with UUnet • Bob Collet @ Sprint made full use of the grant for the business of commercial ISP; most of research networks in Asia were connected to SprintLink. • Total budget was $9.35M. AP* Retreat in KL

5. Pre-HPIIS • Steve made the presentation at INET’95 that new International Internet Services had been drafted for multiple awards. http://www.irbs.net/internet/nanog/9505/0052.html • The target date of the solicitation was 1995.5-6, and the award was expected by the end of 1995. • Management review was tough, and George Strawn helped the internal review process. AP* Retreat in KL

6. HPIIS (1998.8 – 2004.7) • Three awards: AP* Retreat in KL

7. Dr. Steve Goldstein After Retiring In NSF AP* Retreat in KL

8. TransPAC • Transit services are widely provided to APAN members. • Dual circuit topology & excellent NOC team enables ~100% availability. • High performance experiments are conducted jointly by the scientists and NOC. => Three groups were awarded at SC2003. • GbE link between APAN-JP and SURFnet has been installed via TransLight: GLIF • Observatory project with enhanced services is being developed & deployed. AP* Retreat in KL

9. HPII2’s Priorities • Enable communication, cooperation and collaboration between the U.S. and international science and engineering, research and education communities • Support and encourage continuing development of a coordinated rational international network architecture • Enable experimentation with new technologies to insure that facilities remain at the leading edge • Cooperate with NSF programs in scientific disciplines requiring special access to domain specific CI, data and collaborators • Enhance connectivity to additional regions (e.g., Latin America, Africa) • Success will to a great extend depend on partnerships with peer organizations and projects throughout the world! AP* Retreat in KL

10. Summary • HPIIS has developed intra-Asia connectivity, and has expanded the regional collaborations as well as the global joint projects. • Science community is well supported, and is expanding the collaborations with USA, too. • NSF recently granted Gloriad project, making up for the thin pipe between CN and JP. It is critical to establish a fat pipe between CN and JP, and the new plan was presented by a CRL executive at Joint Techs Workshop in Hawaii last month. AP* Retreat in KL

11. Appendix Personal View 1. Regional cable systems & deregulation of telecom business help us study on APAN topology. 2. Collaboration between Gloriad and APAN/TransPAC is critical for NSF’s new solicitation. AP* Retreat in KL

12. Fat Cables in Asia North Region : JP, KR, TW, CN EAC : 2.56Tbps FLAG : 2.4 - 3.8Tbps Whole Asia : North Region + SG + PH (+ MY) C2C : 7.68Tbps APCN2 : 2.56Tbps AP* Retreat in KL

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15. C2C AP* Retreat in KL

16. APCN2 AP* Retreat in KL

17. Possible Hubs in Asia- my personal observation Deregulation of telecom business is critical for lost-cost international circuits. The following 3 cities are expected to be the main hubs in Asia: • Tokyo: most trans-pacific cables are terminated. • Hong Kong: gateway to China • Singapore: many cables are landed. AP* Retreat in KL

18. Collaborations between Gloriad and APAN/TransPAC • NSF CISE will announce the new solicitation of international Internet Services; Priorities are clarified. • NSF official informally asks to integrate two NSF projects, TransPAC and Gloriad into a single one. AP* Retreat in KL

19. TransPAC – Gloriad with CJK Gigabit Links 6TNet Dragon Tap & CNGI XP BUPT CSTNET CERNET KR WIDE DIX-4 SINET WIDE DIX-6 E over MPLS 2.5Gbps SONET Conv. APAN GbE Genkai GbE IPv4 GE IPv6 GE JGN apan LA 2.5Gbps SONET (2.5Gbps x 2 in future) SL GbE/SONET Converter GbE/SONET Converter TransPAC 2.5Gbps x 2 JAPAN China This link will be used for Gloriad projects, too. 10Gλx 2 in 2004 AP* Retreat in KL

20. Single Proposal from Asia • NSF will grant only one proposal from Asia. • CSTNET will use JP-CN 2.5Gbps link for APAN activities. • Gloriad projects will be possible over APAN/ TransPAC links. • The principal investigator of the new proposal will be discussed among IU, NCSA, Internet2, etc. • APAN-JP will discuss on the single proposal with CSTNET/APAN-CN, in parallel with the discussion with & in USA. AP* Retreat in KL

21. References • ICM: NSF Award #9024083 • TransPAC: NSF Award #9730201 • EuroLink: NSF Award #9730202 • NaukaNet: NSF Award #9739330 & #0196478 • L.H. Landweber: “NSF CISE Directorate” http://www.ncne.org/training/techs/2004/0125/presentations/0104-landweber1_files/frame.htm • T. Shiomi: “AP regional collaborations…” http://www.ncne.org/training/techs/2004/0125/presentations/0104-shiomi1.htm AP* Retreat in KL

22. Thanks! 朱鷺 Nipponia nippon AP* Retreat in KL