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Models of Abnormality & Treatment. Abnormal Psychology. Biomedical Model. Main point: Mental illness etiology is physical, biological, genetic Strengths: Recognizes _____________ Recognizes biology. Weaknesses: Minimizes environment Implies __________ Sx relief focus
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Models of Abnormality& Treatment Abnormal Psychology
Biomedical Model Main point: Mental illness etiology is physical, biological, genetic Strengths: • Recognizes _____________ • Recognizes biology
Weaknesses: • Minimizes environment • Implies __________ • Sx relief focus • Drug & tx side effects
Biomedical Txs • Electro convulsive therapy (ECT) -Bilateral ECT -Unilateral ECT • Psychosurgery (rare cases) • ________________ -most popular
Psychoanalytic Model Main points: • Over determined behavior • Developmental approach • _______________ stages • Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, & Genital
Unconscious • Individual ________________ • Psychic structure • Id, Ego, Superego • Defense mechanisms • e.g., Repression, Denial, Projection
Strengths: • Recognizes environment (childhood & social) • Recognizes individual __________ • Focus on underlying problem, not just sxs
Weaknesses: • Nonverifiable concepts • Minimizes personal control • Biases against women • Relied on restricted population (wealthy Viennese women) • Complicated • Long tx
Psychoanalytic/dynamic Tx • Psychoanalysis, Ego analysis, Psychodynamic therapy • Insight • Free association • Dream interpretation • _______________
Humanistic-Existential Model Main Points: • Needs & values • Self actualization • Importance of choice
Strengths: • Emphasizes capacity to change • Posits self-regulating nature • Recognizes individual complexity • Recognizes perceptions • Includes personal strengths
Weaknesses: • Minimizes _____________ • Minimizes differences between disorders • Nonverifiable
Humanistic-Existential Tx • “To find yourself” • Client centered therapy • Gestalt therapy • I-language • __________ chair
Cognitive Behavioral Model Main Points: • Cognitions • Learning history
Strengths: • Environment & individual interaction • Cognitions • Ability to change • Provides new coping strategies
Weaknesses: • Not concerned with etiology • No focus on large envir. changes • Focused on sx reduction • Appropriate for problems that are: • clear • behavioral • immediately accessible _________
Behavioral Tx • Classical conditioning techniques: • Systematic desensitization • In Vivo, imaginal exposure • ___________ • Aversion Therapy
Operant conditioning techniques: • Contingency Management • Skills Training • Assertiveness training • Social problem solving • Parent training • Modeling • Time management
Cognitive Behavioral Tx (CBT) • Cognitive therapy (Beck) • Cognitive triad: ______________ • Rational emotive therapy (Ellis) • Irrational beliefs
Family System Model Main Points: • Disturbance in family, social context • Family interactions are complex
Strengths: • Recognizes system (envir.) • Less indiv stigma Weaknesses: • Resistant, unchanging system • __________________ • Bio disorders • Levels beyond the family
Family/Social Systems Tx • Couples Therapy • Family Therapy • Group Therapy
Group Tx • Psychoeducational • Experiential • Self-help
Socio-Cultural Model Main Point: Emphasis on larger societal context
Strengths: • Recognizes effects beyond ind. • Emphasizes ______________ Weaknesses: • Ind. problems, bio problems • Assumes changes trickle down to ind.
Socio-Cultural Tx • Primary Prevention • Secondary Prevention • Tertiary Prevention
Government Action • 1965- Surgeon general's warnings on all packages • 1971- broadcast advertising banned • 1990- smoking banned on buses & domestic flights • 1994- Mississippi filed 1st of 22 state lawsuits for smokers' Medicaid bills • 1998- Cigarette industry: $251 billion to state gov.s