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Irradiation Facilities at CERN for RD-51

Explore CERN's irradiation facilities and their role in Research and Development for Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors. Discuss existing facilities, beam tests, material studies, and future upgrades.

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Irradiation Facilities at CERN for RD-51

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  1. Irradiation Facilities at CERNfor RD-51 Mar CAPEANS CERN Micro-Pattern Gas Detectors (RD-51) Workshop Nikhef, Amsterdam, April 16-18 2008

  2. Detector Development Phase From Prototype to Detector Systems, need several rounds of: • Basic R&D • Lab measurements • Beam tests (performance) • Long-term tests (aging) • Detector material studies (radiation) • Electronics (performance and radiation) • Services validation (cooling, gas, etc) • Final detector aging tests (large area irradiation) • Final detector system tests • Integrated system tests Mar CAPEANS

  3. Outline of this Talk • Existing and Future Irradiation Facilities at CERN • Beam Tests • Generic Aging and Material Studies Effort • Towards an RD-51 Irradiation and Beam Test Programme Mar CAPEANS

  4. Existing CERN Irradiation Facilities Mar CAPEANS

  5. CERN PS East Hall: IRRAD • The irradiation facilities in the PS East Hall belong to the common projects of the CERN PH department • PH-DT (M.Moll and M.Glaser) provides the maintenance and constant upgrade of these facilities as well as dedicated irradiation experiments • The facilities have been heavily used during the LHC R&D phase (in particular innermost detector components – silicon tracking detectors, electronics, materials) • Annual availability ~130 days M.Moll (CERN) Mar CAPEANS

  6. CERN PS East Hall: IRRAD • Three kind of irradiations are provided: • 24 GeV/c proton irradiations • Mixed field (mainly 1 MeV neutrons) • Organization/Coordination of irradiations outside of CERN Mar CAPEANS

  7. CERN Proton Irrad Facility • Beam Energy: 24 GeV/c • Proton flux: 1-5 x1013 p/hour/cm2 • Beam spot: 2 x 2 cm2 • Located in the main beam area • Access on request (beam off everywhere!) • Infrastructure • x-y-z movable tables (max 100 Kg) • Irradiation inside cooled (-20C) and atmosphere controlled (e.g. N2) boxes (max volume 20x20x50 cm3) • Scanning over surfaces up to 20x20 cm2 (according reduction in flux/cm2) M.Glaser, M.Moll Mar CAPEANS

  8. CERN Neutron Irrad Facility • Particle field created by 24 GeV/c p on C/Fe/Pb targets • Mixed field: n, p, p+, p-, g • Neutron flux: 1-3 x107 n/s/cm2 1 MeV (at 50 cm from beam axis) • Std. vol. 20 x 20 x 20 cm3 Mar CAPEANS

  9. CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF) • 1998: Combination of a gamma source and particle beams • Gamma source Cs137 740GBq (1997) with 662 keV photons, at 50cm 15rad/h • Electron, pion and muon beams 5 to 250 GeV, 106-107 particles/spill from SPS • 2004 - 2009: gamma source (aged), NO particle beam • Nominal Flux: 0.86 x 105 photons/cm2/s at 4 m on axis of the source • 2nd collimated smaller beam providing 4.4 x 106 photons/cm2/s at 1 m • CERN PH/DT facility, technical support by R.Fortin at present Mar CAPEANS

  10. CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF) • SPS 450 GeV p on Be target: • 10x10 cm2 spot, 100GeV muons, 104 particles/extraction • e- and/or pions on request Large Area Detectors (20 m2) Source (2 collimators) and lead Filters Rate variation up to 4 orders of magnitude Mar CAPEANS

  11. CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF) • Users: • LHC experiments (mainly gas detectors, calorimeters) • Also PS/SPS experiments, LHC machine • Annual availability ~ all year round • > 190 NIM articles Mar CAPEANS

  12. Examples of Findings at GIF • Validation of Closed-loop Gas Systems (and its filtering elements) for LHC RPC detectors • Characterization of ATLAS Muon MDT: study of detector resolution as function of background rate (gamma source = background, beam = signal) Replaced MDT by CSC chambers Mar CAPEANS

  13. Future CERN Irradiation Facilities • LHC (accelerator and detectors and their electronics) will need more irradiation experimentation with time, as flux (luminosity) increases • SLHC ~ 10 x LHC • LHC detectors/electronics may need available set-ups to perform tests at short-notice • Key for new detector developments Mar CAPEANS

  14. Irradiation Facilities Upgrade Task Force • Goals: • Coordinate the effort CERN wide • Upgrade the facilities according to user requirements • Find common solutions • Questionnaire sent out: http://irradiation-facilities.web.cern.ch/irradiation-facilities/ 140 answers Mar CAPEANS

  15. Irradiation Facilities Upgrade • Trends: • Proton / Gamma / Neutron • Higher rate/dose (SLHC flux) • Large space for large samples and detectors • Dedicated beams • Better and user-friendly infrastructure to minimize set-up time • GIF with or without particle beam? • Dedicated set-ups or temporary installations? • Need input from RD-51 community. Please, click below: http://irradiation-facilities.web.cern.ch/irradiation-facilities/ Mar CAPEANS

  16. RD-51 Beam Test Roadmap Build a permanent RD-51 set-up in SPS line, over few years? • Define subset of RD-51 groups involved in setting up and maintaining the facility, and also in defining the test programme • Build common general infrastructure • Services (gas systems, cooling, HV, LV, cables, etc) • DAQ/Controls/Trigger modules • Analysis SW tools • Access to Magnet • High precision, fast beam telescope • Goals: • Share resources • Minimize effort (keep infrastructure and upgrade it slowly) • Group requests (beam time) • Community building Mar CAPEANS

  17. Aging Test & Materials Studies Effort • Over the next 4 years, CERN will invest some resources on Facilities and Component Analysis for Detector R&D. In addition to the upgrade of irradiation facilities, there is the wish of: • Creating a generic aging facility for gas detectors, building up on the experience and set-ups used during the construction and tests of LHC detectors (e.g. ATLAS TRT) • Start a focused R&D on materials for detector development towards SLHC CERN jargon: White Paper, Theme 3, Workpackage 7 http://ph-dep.web.cern.ch/ph-dep/InfoCommunication/FM/FM15Nov07/Linssen.pdf Mar CAPEANS

  18. Aging Test & Materials Studies Effort • Establish reference procedures and generic facilities suitable for higher rates • Perform tests, on short notice if needed • Identify radiation tolerant and/or outgassing free and/or chemically compatible and/or etc. material lists – in particular for SLHC – and not limited to gas detectors: • Assembly materials (epoxy glues, rigid materials, etc.) • Sensors (slow control, radiation monitors) and complete devices • Fluids (active gases, coolants) and filtering techniques • Produce (limited set of) compilation reports and catalogs Mar CAPEANS

  19. Summary • CERN PH Department is starting an important effort towards upgrading and improving the CERN irradiation and beam test facilities • RD-51, as a collaboration, should get involved, give input, participate and use these facilities in an optimal way • Will require internal organization and a group taking responsibilities for operating these facilities for RD-51 users • Will help significantly in: • developing a real collaboration • creating a certain standard for measurements and qualitative results, going across the entire micro-pattern community Mar CAPEANS

  20. Extra Slides Mar CAPEANS

  21. CERN-EU high-energyReference Field (CERF) facility • 1992 • SPS Secondary beam line (H6) in North Area (Prevessin) • 120 GeV/c hadron beam on Cu-target producing a high-energy mixed radiation field produced by EM and hadronic cascades Mar CAPEANS

  22. CERF Facility • Neutron field (0.1-1 Mev and 10-100 MeV regions) • Dose: 0.02 Gy/h to 10 Gy/h • Users: test of dosimetric instrumentation, benchmark experiments for MC codes (Fluka), material activation studies, LHC beam loss monitors studies , space applications… • Annual availability ~1-2 weeks • Facility used by more than 70 scientists from 50 external institutes (~20 different countries) and various CERN groups (RP, AB, TS,…) • ~ 85 international publications • ~ 60 internal CERN notes Mar CAPEANS

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