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Chapter 19

Chapter 19. The Cold War. Section 1- Origins of War. Yalta Conference- 1945 Future of Germany and Poland What was the United Nations? Pg. 637. April 12, 1945 Harry Truman Potsdam Conference Pg. 638. Conflicting Postwar Goals.

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Chapter 19

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  1. Chapter 19 The Cold War

  2. Section 1- Origins of War • Yalta Conference- 1945 • Future of Germany and Poland • What was the United Nations? Pg. 637

  3. April 12, 1945 • Harry Truman • Potsdam Conference Pg. 638

  4. Conflicting Postwar Goals • Americans wanted to bring democracy and economic prosperity • Russians wanted to protect own interests, spread communism • Satellite Nations Pg. 638-639

  5. The Iron Curtain • Division between Western Powers and area controlled by the Soviet Union • What was the Cold War? Pg. 640

  6. The Truman Doctrine • March 12, 1947 • Give Turkey and Greece economic aid (Policy of Containment) Pg. 642

  7. Section 2- The Cold War Heats Up • Marshall Plan- 1947, plan by George Marshall (Secretary of State) • Berlin Airlift • NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Pg. 645-647

  8. Communist Advances • Soviet atomic threat • Hydrogen Bomb 1950 • China falls to Communists • Mao Zedong • Americans viewed loss of China Truman’s fault Pg. 648

  9. Cold War at Home • HUAC- House Un-American Activities Committee • “Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?” Pg. 650

  10. Hollywood Ten • 6 months to a yr in jail • Blacklists • Only made films that concentrated on pure entertainment Pg. 650

  11. McCarran-Walter Act • “one of the most un-American acts I have ever witnessed in my public career” H.T. • Spies • Alger Hiss • Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Pg. 651

  12. Section 3- The Korean War • 38th Parallel • 1950 • US believed Soviets were behind action Pg. 653-654

  13. UN troops join, Douglas MacArthur leads them • “Home by Christmas” • 2 yrs of fighting • US signed peace treaty with Japan who could help maintain balance of power in the Pacific Pg. 655-656

  14. Section 4- The Continuing Cold War • Joseph McCarthy • McCarthyism • Senate condemned him for reckless actions Pg. 658

  15. The Cold War in the 1950’s • Southeast Asia- US provided aid to South Vietnam • The Middle East • Latin America Pg. 659-660

  16. The Arms Race • Gaining weapons superiority • 1954-1958 US conducted 19 Hydrogen bomb tests • one was 750 times more powerful than the atomic bomb Pg. 660

  17. ICBM’s • 1957, Sputnik • U-2 spy planes • U-2 incident, 1960 Pg. 661

  18. Chapter 20 The Post War Years at Home The Post War Years at Home

  19. Section 1- TV Shows of the 1950’s • I Love Lucy • Leave it to Beaver • Father Knows Best • American Bandstand • Howdy Doody • Mickey Mouse Club

  20. Technology Transforms Life • Grace Hopper- software to run computers and debugging • Bell Telephone Labs- transistor • Nuclear Power • Advances in Medicine- Jonas Salk and Thomas Francis, Polio vaccine Pg. 670-671

  21. The Postwar Economy • Ray Kroc- McDonald’s 1954 • Other fast food chains • General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, General Electric, Westinghouse Pg. 669-670

  22. Suburbs and Highways • GI Bill of Rights- low interest mortgages for housing, provided education, and fueled postwar economic boom • Neighborhoods • New cars and designs Pg. 672

  23. Section 2- Mood of the 1950’s • “Silent Generation” • Babysitters • Magazines- Seventeen, Cool, Teen • Religion- 1954, “Under God” added and 1955 “In God We Trust” added to coins • “the family that prays together stays together”, slogan (advertising) Pg. 676

  24. Men and Women • Men go to school and support wife and kids • Women kept house, cooked, raised kids • More women in the workplace than before • Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique Pg. 676

  25. Changes to Conformity • Youth rebellions • Rebel Without a Cause- James Dean • Catcher in the Rye- J.D. Salinger • Rock-and-Roll- Alan Freed “Moondog Rock ‘n’ Roll Party” Pg. 678

  26. Chuck Berry, Fats Domino, Jerry Lee Lewis, Buddy Holly • Elvis Presley • Spread to Europe- The Beatles • Adults disliked this music- immoral/race • Beatniks- Jack Kerouac Pg. 678-679

  27. Section 3- Domestic Politics and Policy • Truman’s Fair Deal • Gov needs to play active role in securing economic justice for all American citizens • 21 pt program • Employment Act of 1946- Economic advisors to advise the President • Opposition rejected many policies Pg. 681

  28. “I am not asking for social equality, because no such things exist, but I am asking for equality of opportunity for all human beings…” • Congress took no action • Truman banned discrimination in hiring of federal employees as well as armed forces • Change was slow Pg. 682

  29. Election of 1948- Truman defeats Thomas Dewey • 22nd Amendment- President can only hold two terms • Always debated Pg. 683

  30. Eisenhower and the Republican Approach • Eisenhower new President- 1952 • “I Like Ike” • Richard Nixon was his VP • Checkers Speech- Sept 1952, Ike not President yet • “It was a little cocker Spaniel dog…Black and white spotted. And our little girl…named it Checkers” Pg. 684

  31. K1C2 formula- Korea, communism, corruption • Won re-election in 1956 • “I am no politician as you well know” • NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1958 • National Defense Education Act- improve science and math instruction to keep up with the Soviet Union Pg. 686

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