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DNA makes genes Ch. 10.1 (p.185-189)

DNA makes genes Ch. 10.1 (p.185-189). DNA = long molecule made up of repeating pieces Like a chain made from the links Each link is called a nucleotide ( a sugar, a phosphorous group, and one of four nitrogen-containing bases – see p. 186) 4 nitrogen bases:

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DNA makes genes Ch. 10.1 (p.185-189)

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  1. DNA makes genesCh. 10.1 (p.185-189) • DNA = long molecule made up of repeating pieces • Like a chain made from the links • Each link is called a nucleotide ( a sugar, a phosphorous group, and one of four nitrogen-containing bases – see p. 186) • 4 nitrogen bases: • 2 called purines: Adenine (A) and Guanine (G) • 2 called pyrimidines: Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C)

  2. DNACh. 10.1 (p.185-189) • Double helix= structure of DNA, the twisted ladder or spiral staircase • Sugar and phosphorous form the rails of the ladder • The nitrogen bases form the steps of the ladder • Complementary • Base pairs= the nitrogen-bases always pair with their complement: A—T G—C • This is the genetic code, reading one side the other side matches

  3. DNACh. 10.1 (p.185-189) • Replication= copying DNA by reading one side of the ladder and making a complement • Helicase = enzyme that opens and “unzips” the double helix • DNA polymerase = enzyme that move along the chains and copy • Mutation = a mistake in copying What do the names of enzymes end in?

  4. DNACh. 10.1 (p.185-189)

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