1 / 16

NON-SCALING FFAGs: questions needing answers

NON-SCALING FFAGs: questions needing answers. Andy Wolski The Cockcroft Institute, and the University of Liverpool Department of Physics. BASROC-CONFORM Project Open Day Daresbury Laboratory 11 May 2009. Setting The Scene. Project Overview.

dahlia
Download Presentation

NON-SCALING FFAGs: questions needing answers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. NON-SCALING FFAGs:questions needing answers Andy Wolski The Cockcroft Institute,and the University of Liverpool Department of Physics. BASROC-CONFORM Project Open Day Daresbury Laboratory 11 May 2009

  2. Setting The Scene

  3. Project Overview BASROC (The British Accelerator Science and Radiation Oncology Consortium, BASROC) FFAG s --- Reduced size, cost and complexity Ns-FFAG --- Even simpler and more compact • CONFORM project ( COnstruction of a Non-scaling FFAG for Oncology, Research, and Medicine ) • 4 year projectApril 2007 – March 2011 • 3 parts to the project • EMMA design and construction~ £6.5m Electron Model for Many Applications (EMMA) • PAMELA design study • Applications study isosceles

  4. Proton & Carbon Therapy • Neutrino Factory Applications of ns-FFAGs High power proton driver • Sub-critical Thorium Reactor • Dedicated Muon Source

  5. WHY FFAGs? 70 MeV ISIS Synchrotron ACCEL Proton Cyclotron • LINACs • Use the RF only once, too expensive • long • Synchrotrons • Ramp the magnets and the RF • Complex to operate • Acceleration is slow • Repetition rates are 1-100 Hz • Cyclotrons • Very large complex magnets • Inflexible extraction energy

  6. Comparison Y. Mori – EPAC 06

  7. Scaling FFAGs

  8. Scaling FFAGs • They can be used to accelerate protons, electrons, muons and ions • They can be rapidly cycled, much faster than a synchrotron (Fixed Fields) • They have a large acceptance for a particle beam, much bigger than a synchrotron • They have the possibility of both large average and large peak beam currents • Beam can be extracted at a number of energies

  9. Characteristics of Scaling FFAGs • Fixed tunes • Focusing strength constant with energy • Constant Betatron Tunes • Fixed orbit shape (largely increases with radius) • Large magnets • Large variation in time of flight • Changing RF frequency with Energy

  10. Non-scaling FFAGs

  11. Non-Scaling FFAGs Scaling FFAG Magnet Breaks the scaling requirement More compact orbits ~ X 10 reduction in magnet aperture Betatron tunes vary with acceleration Parabolic variation of time of flight with energy

  12. Questions?

  13. Betatron Tunes & Resonance Crossing • Crossing resonances • Beam blowup • Beam loss • Can mitigate the effects of resonance crossing by:- • Fast Acceleration • Linear magnets (avoids driving strong high order resonances) • Or nonlinear magnets (avoids crossing resonances) • Highly periodic, symmetrical machine (many identical cells) • Tight tolerances on magnet errors dG/G <2x10-4 Can we cross resonances safely?

  14. Revolution Period Varies with Energy • Three options for acceleration: • Asynchronous (highly relativistic) • Fixed rffrequency • Simplifies rf system, but leads tocomplicated longitudinal dynamics • “Normal” Synchronous • RF frequency and phase synchronisedwith time of flight. • Simplifies longitudinal dynamics, but requireshigh bandwidth cavities, with complicatedcontrols. • Harmonic Jump • Fixed rffrequency • Voltage and or phase maybe variable Can we accelerate?

  15. Compact, high symmetry, highly symmetric ns-FFAG

  16. Questions? How do we produce a compact lattice of linear magnets? How do we make it highly symmetric ? Does it have acceptance required for large emittance & high intensity beams? Can we fit all the accelerator components in this lattice? Can we inject and extract from a high compact , symmetric lattice? Is the dynamics in these accelerators as predicted by codes & simulation?

More Related