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Research 3

Research 3. 1. Open System. Energy and matter can enter or leave the system There is always interaction between the internal and external elements Ex: Greenhouse. Closed System. Energy can leave or enter the system, however matter cannot

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Research 3

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  1. Research 3

  2. 1. Open System • Energy and matter can enter or leave the system • There is always interaction between the internal and external elements • Ex: Greenhouse

  3. Closed System • Energy can leave or enter the system, however matter cannot • Does not need exchange with external elements for sustainability • Ex: Earth

  4. Isolated System • Neither energy nor matter can enter or eave the system • More of a hypothetical than an actual situation • Artificial ecosystem – cannot exist in nature

  5. 2. Durability of A Closed System • All waste products like carbon dioxide, feces, and urine are recycled by at least one other species • It is a continuous cycle

  6. 3. Earth as a Closed System • Energy from the sun enters our system • Material does not enter or exit • Examples: • Water from the ocean is evaporated into the atmosphere • Water vapor then condenses and falls as rain • Everything is used and recycled in some form

  7. 4. Nutrition Cycle • The circulation and the return of organic and inorganic materials help the production of biotic material • This process is regulated by food web pathways and by decomposers

  8. 5. Common Minerals • Carbon • Sulfur • Nitrogen • Water • Phosphorus • Oxygen

  9. 6. The Carbon Cycle • A series of steps by which carbon is recycled and reused throughout the biosphere and the atmosphere • Plays a very important role in the sustainability of ecosystems

  10. 7a. The Carbon Cycle

  11. 7b. The Nitrogen Cycle

  12. 8. Chemical Equations • Photosynthesis: CO2 + H2O + light ⇨ C6H12O6 + O2 + energy • Cell Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + energy ⇨ 6 H2O + 6 CO2

  13. 9. Humans vs. Nitrogen Cycle • We use nitrogen containing fertilizers in agriculture – improves the quality of plants • We dump waste and other organic materials into bodies of water • Pollution from cars, factories, etc.. contribute to acid rain

  14. 10. Humans vs. Carbon Cycle • The exhale of CO₂ into the atmosphere is a normal part of the cycle • We burn fossil fuels (oil, coal) for energy • Plants can’t breath it in fast enough – so there is an accumulation of CO₂

  15. 11. Carbon into the Soil • A large portion of our bodies are composed of carbon • As we decompose, CO₂ that is not released into the atmosphere for photosynthesis is absorbed into the soil in the form of fossil fuels

  16. 12. Accumulation of CO₂ • CO and other greenhouse gases all contribute to global warming • Plants start to respond differently than normal • More carbon = less of other minerals • This in turn affects consumers (those who cannot adapt start to die off)

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