2008 Emissions Inventory for the Municipality of Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico January 23, 2014 Presented by Marty Wolf, ER

1. 2008 Emissions Inventory for the Municipality of Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico January 23, 2014 Presented by Marty Wolf, ERG Meeting of the Joint Advisory Committee for the Improvement of Air Quality – Paso Del Norte

2. Inventory Objective & Scope • Objective – Develop 2008 base year emissions inventory for ozone modeling • Scope • Pollutants – NOx, SO2, VOC, CO, PM10, and PM2.5 • Source types – point, area, on-road motor vehicle, nonroad mobile, biogenic • Inventory domain – municipality of Juárez • Annual resolution – annual (tpy) • Spatial resolution – municipality-level

3. Source Types • Point sources – federal and state jurisdiction sources • Area sources – fuel combustion, evaporative, fires, miscellaneous • On-road motor vehicles • Nonroad mobile sources – aircraft, locomotives, and construction and agricultural equipment • Biogenic sources – vegetation VOC and soil NOx

4. Inventory Objective - Contractors • Objective – Work with Mexico-based contractors • ERG – lead technical contractor • UT – project prime contractor • Juárez-based subcontractors (TransEngineering, ITCJ, Arturo Woocay Consulting, Mares Vazquez Consulting) • Accurate “on the ground” data collection and verification • Develops skills and capacity for future emission inventories

5. Inventory Development • Phase I – completed August 2011 • Area sources • On-road motor vehicles • Nonroad mobile sources • Biogenic sources • Phase II – completed June 2013 • Point sources

6. Point Sources • Based upon 2008 Mexico NEI • Focus on QA of reported emissions • Emissions provided for 182 sources – 89 federal, 87 state, 6 duplicate • Emissions primarily from federal jurisdiction sources, except for VOC • Largest sectors – electricity and cement/lime • Secondary sectors – petroleum, petrochemical, automotive, chemical

7. Point Source – Spatial QA • Emphasis on ozone modeling – spatial location is important • Identified 45 facilities for field spatial check • 26 facilities with coordinates outside municipality • 8 facilities with coordinates in residential areas • 11 facilities with significant emissions (i.e., “high emitters”) • Field survey check conducted by Arturo Woocay Consulting and Mares Vazquez Consulting

8. Field Check Results – Before and After QA

9. Point Source – Emissions QA • Fuel consumption – should have combustion pollutants • Solvent usage – should have VOC • Total PM ≥ PM10 ≥ PM2.5 • Industry type should match reported emissions • Gasoline terminals – VOC • Cement and concrete plants – PM10 and PM2.5 • Facilities with similar fuel consumption should have similar emissions

10. Area Sources • Local Data • Industry – natural gas and LPG suppliers, PEMEX • Government – General Directorate of Public Works, Fire Department, SAGARPA, U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Junta Municipal de Agua y Saneamiento (JMAS) • Studies • San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora consumer products survey study • Brick kiln study

11. Area Sources – Results –NOx (tpy)

12. On-Road Motor Vehicles • General Methodology • Based on methodology initially developed for 1999 Mexico NEI • Road link/segment VKT developed using traffic and congestion modeling • MOBILE6-Mexico emission factors developed for each link/segment (by season, speed, ambient temperature)

13. On-Road Motor Vehicles • Traffic and Congestion Modeling • Urban area of Juárez • Federal Highway 2 (towards state of Sonora) • Federal Highway 45 (towards city of Chihuahua) • Road network, trip generation rates, and demographic and socio-economic information

14. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Road Network

15. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Traffic Volumes

16. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Results – NOx (tpy)

17. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Results – VOC (tpy)

18. Nonroad Mobile Sources • Aircraft LTOs by airframe make and model – González International Airport • Locomotive fuel use – Ferromex • Agricultural and construction equipment – NONROAD-Mexico model

19. Biogenic Sources • Biogenic sources – vegetation VOC and soil NOx • Estimated using GloBEIS model (Version 3.1) and Mexico-specific land use data set • Land use data from INEGI and IMIP • Meteorological data from NCDC

20. Overall Results – NOx (tpy)

21. Overall Results – VOC (tpy)

22. Summary of Results (tpy) NA = not applicable; NE = not estimated

23. Areas of Potential Improvement • Review of point source COAs • Addition of PM10/PM2.5 sources – on-road motor vehicles, paved/unpaved roads, windblown dust, construction dust • Migration from MOBILE6 to MOVES • More frequent inventory updates

24. Acknowledgements • TCEQ – Stephen Niemeyer, Ross Pumfrey, Victor Valenzuela, Gina Posada • UT – David Sullivan • SEMARNAT – David Alejandro Parra Romero, Hugo Landa Fonseca, Gerardo Tarin • Subcontractors – TransEngineering, ITCJ, Arturo Woocay, Jose Maria Mares

25. Gracias porsuatención Questions or comments? Marty Wolf Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG) Sacramento, CA 916-635-6594 marty.wolf@erg.com