Komnas Perempuan & Isu Disabilitas

1. Komnas Perempuan & Isu Disabilitas • Andy Yentriyani - Komisioner • Lokakarya Para Pemangku Kepentingan dalam Perlindungan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas di Indonesia, Jakarta, 12 Juni 2013

2. Pokok Bahasan • Tentang Komnas Perempuan • Kerja Komnas Perempuan terkait isu Disabilitas • Rencana kerja ke depan, Peluang dan tantangan

3. Komnas Perempuan • Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan

4. sejArah Komnas Perempuan • Tragedi Mei 1998 (perkosaan dan serangan seksual lainnya) • desakan masyarakat sipil atas tanggungjawab negara • Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan • Landasan hukum: • Keppres 181/1998; diperkuat dengan Perpres No. 65/2005 & No. 66/2005

5. Komnas Perempuan untuk perempuan bebas kekerasan

6. manDat & kewenAngan • pendidikan publik • pemantauan dan pencarian fakta • kajian strategis • rekomendasi kebijakan • penguatan jaringan 15 Komisioner (2010-2014), dipilih secara independen, dari beragam latar belakang dan keahlian hanya boleh untuk 2 periode didukung badan pekerja (50 staff) dalam 5 subkomisi, 3 gugus kerja, 1 sekretariat hanya di Jakarta, tidak pendampingan kasus,

7. ciri cara kerja • independen • kerangka HAM - prinsip non diskriminasi, pemenuhan hak korban dan hak konstitusional adalah yang terutama • partisipatif • bermitra sejajar dengan pemerintah dan masyarakat • transparan dan akuntabel • basis data • perbaikan sistemik: tidak mengambil alih peran, mengajukan terobosan kebijakan dan penguatan lembaga

8. Mandat, Kewenangan dan Ciri Kerja = Komnas Perempuan sebagai lembaga HAM nasional* * merujuk ke Paris Principles

9. Kerja Komnas Perempuan terkait isu Disabilitas • Disabilitas sebagai akibat konflik bagi perempuan (akibat penyiksaan, bom, dll) • Hak-hak disabilitas dalam rangkaian Kampanye 16Hari Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan (sejak 2001) • Tantangan advokasi kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan disabilitas (Forum Belajar Pengada Layanan, sejak 2003) • Diskriminasi terhadap perempuan disabilitas di dalam institusi perkawinan (diskusi revisi UU Perkawinan, sejak 2004) • berbagai forum di tingkat nasional juga internasional (sifat adhoc) Perjumpaan Awal......... Disabilitas menjadi salah satu isu prioritas Komnas Perempuan, 2010-2014

10. Kerja Komnas Perempuan (2010- kini) (kerentanan, bentuk, dampak dan keterkaitan kekerasan (&diskriminasi) • integrasi dlm Catatan Tahunan • integrasi dalam forum • “Bangunan Pengetahuan • dari Perempuan” pemantauan & kajian melalui jaringan dan pendidikan rekomendasi kebijakan bersama • surat • dukungan • advokasi kasus (galang dukungan publik) kebijakan dan aksi pendidikan publik Co-fasilitasi

11. ruang advokasi bersama Shadow Report International Covenant Of Civil and Political Rights Prepared By Konsorsium Nasional Untuk Hak-hak Disabilitas (National Consortium for Disability Rights) to The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Regarding Implementation of the Covenant of Civil and Political Rights for People with Disabilities in Indonesia, 2007 - 2012 15 Maret 2013 List of Contents A. List of Content ……………………………………………………………………………2 B. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………3 C. Implementation of ICCPR in Indonesia…………………………………………………...4 ♣ Equal protection of rights in the Covenant (Article 2)………………………………....4 ♣ Equal rights of women and men (Article 3) …………………………………………...5 ♣ Non-derogable nature of fundamental rights (Article 5)…...…………………………...7 ♣ Rights to life (Article 6) ………………………………………………………………..8 ♣ Cruel and inhuman treatment (Article 7)………………………………………………8 ♣ Prohibition of slavery (Article 8)……………………………………………………...11 ♣ Liberty and security of person (Article 9)……………………………………………..11 ♣ Treatment of persons deprived of their liberty (Article 10)…………………………...12 ♣ Freedom of movement (Article 12) ………………………………………………….12 ♣ Right to fair trial (Article 14) …………………………………………………………12 ♣ Recognition as a person under the law (Article 16)…………………………………...13 ♣ Freedom from arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home (Article 17)………....14 ♣ Freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Article 18)……………………………14 ♣ Freedom of opinion and expression (Article 19)…………………………………….. 15 ♣ Freedom of assembly (Article 21)…………………………………………………… 15 ♣ Protection of the family (Article 23)………………………………………………… 15 ♣ Protection of children (Article 24)…………………………………………………... 16 ♣ Access to the political system (Article 25)…………………………………………….16 ♣ Equality before the law (Article 26)…………………………………………………...17 C. Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 18

12. Contoh integrasi isu disabilitas dalam pelaporan Komnas Perempuan (laporan ICCPR) • Par 10 • There has been no progress in the revision of the Law on Marriage even though it is urgent. The revision is needed to ensure legal protection to prevent underage marriages and forced marriages on women, eliminate legal reasons for divorce [and polygamous marriage] that are discriminatory against women with disabilities, affirm the principle of monogamy, and to end the stereotype of the role of men (head of family) and women (companion) in marriage that has implications on unbalanced relations in various aspects of life of women in family and marriage. Data from Religious Courts in 2012 recorded 498 cases of underage marriages, meaning girls under 16; 414 cases of divorce due to physical disability; 1,243 cases of forced marriages and 47,259 cases of divorce due to polygamy. • Par. 16 • Women with disabilities are vulnerable to becoming victims of violence, especially sexual violence and face multiple difficulties to access justice and recovery. Forced marriage and divorce; being denied custody over children, forced contraception, sterilization, and abortion are faced by women with disabilities as they are seen incapable of caring for themselves, much less for children; the unavailability of sign language interpreters for persons with hearing disability to provide them with information; the notion that persons with disabilities, especially persons with mental and psychosocial disability, are persons who with no legal capacity before the law causes the testimony of women with disabilities who are victims of violence to be inadmissible in court and dismissed, including when the victim who area blind can identify the perpetrator of rape by aroma and voice; unavailability of DNA facilities to establish evidence in cases of rape and of rehabilitation facilities according to the special needs needed by women victims are examples of the types of cases and difficulties reported. Improvements in this sector are crucial to follow up the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. (Report from National Coalition for Disability Rights Indonesia; appendix 4) • Par 29 • Komnas Perempuan also urges the government to adopt zero tolerance for acts of fettering persons with mental and psychosocial disabilities, along with improvements of health facilities, including hospitals and medication, as well as public education to address stigma against them. Fettering and stigma increases the vulnerability of women with mental and psychosocial disabilities to sexual violence, in particular rape. Komnas Perempuan is very concerned that the legal process for perpetrators of rape is very slow as it is also insensitive to the special needs of victims. • Par 32.1. • Komnas Perempuan recorded that young women in shelters [due to attacks against religious minorities] are vulnerable to being married at young age because they cannot continue their education, and there is young woman with physical disabilities who does not get any assistance from the regional government.

13. Peran Komnas Perempuan • Pemantau dan Pelapor kondisi kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan pemenuhan hak korban • Resource centre: membangun pengetahuan • Fasilitator: penguatan kapasitas mitra dalam hal pemberian layanan bagi korban, advokasi, dan penguatan jaringan kerja untuk penghapusan kekerasan terhadap perempuan • Inisiator perubahan: rumuskan dan kawal bersama rekomendasi kebijakan

14. Aspek yang jadi fokus kerja: • kerentanan perempuan disabilitas pada kekerasan • bentuk-bentuk kekerasan yang dihadapi • jenis disabilitas dan kerentanan khususnya • faktor kebijakan dan lingkungan yang memperburuk kerentanan • keterkaitan antara diskriminasi berbasis disabilitas dan kekerasan • Akses perempun disabilitas korban kekerasan pada hak atas kebenaran, keadilan dan pemulihan • Perbaikan sistemik: kebijakan, institusi, infrastruktur serta cara pandang&sikap pada pemenuhan hak orang dengan disabilitas

15. Rencana ke depan • peluang dan hambatan

16. Tantangan: - komitmen politik - penegakan hukum - akses layanan berkualitas - kemiskinan - pengetahuan masyarakat dan praktik kebiasaan mendiskriminasi penyandang disabilitas - Internal: Sumber daya terbatas Modalitas/peluang: - komitmen DPOs dan Komnas Perempuan - data awal - pengetahuan kerangka HAM - kewenangan 3 NHRIs - dukungan jaringan nasional dan internasional - dukungan awal pemerintah Untuk Pencegahan dan penanganan kekerasan (dan diskriminasi) terhadap perempuan disabilitas, dan penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia tanpa kecuali

17. terima kasih dan ayo diskusikan....