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From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa

From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa. Christian Spiering, DESY Cape Town, April 17, 2012. From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa.

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From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa

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  1. From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa Christian Spiering, DESY Cape Town, April 17, 2012

  2. From the first neutrino to CTA A tribute to Astroparticle Physics in South Africa Fred Reines SN Remnant Potchefstroom Space weather C T A RX J1713.7-3946 H.E.S.S. group with Harm artist‘s view First atmospheric as seen with Moraal from neutrino in H.E.S.S. O. de Jager Potchefstroom University South African Mine C. Raubenheimer (with J.Sellschop from U. Witswatersrand)

  3. 1912: Discovery of Cosmic Rays

  4. Gamma Rays and Neutrinos from Cosmic Accelerators

  5. Detection of TeV Gamma Rays and Neutrinos Gamma Ray camera image

  6. Discovery of atmospheric neutrinos February 23, 1965 East Rand Proprietary Mine, South Africa, Depth = 3200 meters Case-Witswatersrand Collaboration (later Case-Wits-Irvine) F. Reines et al. (J.Sellschop, U. Witswatersrand) Fred Reines CWI experiment Long liquid scintillation counters Nearly horizontal track

  7. Discovery of atmospheric neutrinos February 23, 1965 East Rand Proprietary Mine, South Africa, Depth = 3200 meters Case-Witwatersrand Collaboration (later Case-Wits-Irvine) F. Reines et al. (J.Sellshop, U. Witwatersrand) Fred Reines CWI experiment Long liquid scintillation counters Nearly horizontal track

  8. light cone detector reaction muon neutrino

  9. upward going muon in IceCube

  10. TeV Gamma Astronomy • 1980s: many non-imaging telescopes worldwide • No single convincing discovery of a TeV gamma sources • South Africa: Telescope arrays Mk-I and Mk-II in Noitgedaacht • One of the sub-telelescopes of Mk-II (Raubenheimer, de Jager) • 1989: First discovery of a TeV source with an imaging telescope in Arizona (Crab Nebula, Whipple Telescope)

  11. The H.E.S.S. Telescope Gamma ray • Four 12-m dishes • One 23-dish inauguration in Oct. 2012 Namibia

  12. TeV Gamma Astronomy 2012 RX J1713.7-3946 H.E.S.S. scan of the galactic plane 0.5° moon

  13. TeV Gamma Astronomy 2012 Source Type ~135 sources

  14. We have seen until now only the tip of the iceberg!

  15. The next, worldwide step: CTA Construction 2014-2019 Now prototype phase

  16. Science Potentialof CTA Fermi GLAST Crab expect ~1000 sources E.F(>E) [TeV/cm2s] 10% Crab MAGIC The “quite expensive” line H.E.S.S. H.E.S.S. ~500 h 1% Crab Expected with CTA ~500 h

  17. Space Weather Research • Quite recently, DESY (Zeuthen) and the University Kiel, together with a group from the Potchefstroom University (Harm Moraal) , have installed particle detectors at the German Antartic Research Station „Neumayer“ and at the German Research Vessel „Polarstern“. • The detected particles are muons and low-energetic neutrons which can be used to monitor the solar activity and provide data on space weather.

  18. Summary • South Africa has played a notable role in astroparticle physics. • Germany and South Africa have built up close connections within the H.E.S.S. project, and now also on space weather research. • Gamma Astronomy at TeV energies is stormy developing. Next step: CTA • Hope for first neutrino discoveries with IceCube in the next couple of years  true multimessenger TeV astronomy !

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