MIS

1. MIS Dr. Ejaz Ahmad Khan Health Services Academy

2. At the end of the session , the Participants should be able to: • Understand the existing MIS internationally • Interpret the strength and weaknesses of the systems • Conceptualize Theory versus Practicality

3. Learning MIS?Participants on Board • What is Information System? • Can we manage without information system? • Why is it necessary to have an MIS? • What can be possible methods? • Examples

4. Example :Hardware Framework

5. HEALTH MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM • The HMIS has been defined as a system that provides an appropriate information support to each decision making level of the health care delivery system.

6. MIS Application • Communication for better management • Effective Communication • Flows of Communication • Communication Networks • Characteristics of information • Quantity of information • Quality of Information

7. Sharing the Information: • COMMUNICATION

8. Contd.…….+ • Information is data which has been organized • Communication is transmission of information (conveying meanings to others), added with feelings and other human elements

9. Contd.. • Communicate = Make known, Announce, Break the news, Advise, Transmit, Bestow • When managers communicate one or combination of the following occurs: • information transmission • motivation • control • emotive expression

10. Effective Communication • Desire of communicator (values and expectations) • Understanding of how others learn • Receivers clarity about purpose • Manner according to content, importance, and complexity of intended message • trust of receiver on sender (ascribed and achieved credibility) • time frame (availability and allocation)

11. Contd.. For Instance…. Encode Decode Sender Message Receiver Feedback Barriers Barriers

12. Flows of Communication • Downwards (info, verbal orders, instructions) • upward flow (reports, complaints, proposals) • Horizontal and Diagonal (interdependence)

13. Communication Networks • Chain (follows authority relationships) • Y-shaped (2 to 1 reporting) • Wheel pattern (4 to 1 reporting) • Circle pattern (1 to 2 reporting) • All-channel (wheel with all to report to each Other)

14. Information • Information is data which has been organized • Information is the content of communication • Information tends to be formal, abstract and impersonal, when feelings and other human elements are added to transmission of information , it is called as communication

15. Characteristics of information • Reach relevant persons at right time • Reduce uncertainty for making decisions • Assist relevant persons to act on it

16. Quantity of Information • Neither too much nor too little • Information generation implies costs (time money and energy) • Paradoxically less information lead to higher quality costs • Desired quantity of information is a balance with tradeoffs (difficult but inevitable)

17. Quality of Information • Exact, Authenticated, well-timed • Should comply ‘ Oriented in time , place and person’ • Reliable and Validate-able • Meets the international standards

18. Information without meaning for receiver is nothing but noise, energy and time (wasted)

19. Classification of Information • Action Vs Non-action • Recurring Vs Non-recurring • Documentary Vs Non-documentary • Formal Vs Informal • Historical Vs Future projections

20. Designing an Information System • What info should flow? • To whom it should flow? • When or at what frequency? • How and through what channel? • Who will do what? • How it will be put together and summarized? • How and when it will reported and to whom?

21. Health Sector Related MIS • Ministry of Health. • National Programme for PHC and FP • Expanded Programme of Immunisation. • Acute Respiratory Infections Control Programme. • Malaria Control Programme. • National Tuberculosis Control Programme. • AIDS Prevention and Control Programme. • Ministry of Population Welfare. • Local Bodies (Municipal Corporations) • Census and Surveys

22. Malaria / TB, ARI, etc. Relationships and Flow of Information in the Different MIS Federal Director General Health National Programme Managers, EPI, Malaria, AIDS National Programme Managers, NP-PHC/FP Provincial DG Health Services Provincial Programme Managers, EPI, Malaria, AIDS Provincial Programme Managers, NP-PHC/FP Divisional Director Health Services District Health Offices District Programme Implementation Unit (NP-PHC/FP) First Level Care Facility LHW Vaccinator/ CDC

23. Problems • Data is often delayed and is not analysed promptly • Weak Vital Event Registration System • Multiple information systems organized through public health programs work independently • Dis-integrated Hospital-based information • Missing information about private sector • Quality of information generated – not reliable • Non-utilization of information at micro and macro levels • MIS component missing from regular training and education programmes. • The current information systems is becoming difficult to sustain given the available level of financial and human resources.

24. Consolidation (of what is already achieved) • Improve Data Quality • Promote Information Use Initiate Modifications (Focus on client orientation, effectiveness and efficiency) • Hospitals • Private Care • Other Department Facilities Further System Expansion Integrate of Multiple MIS Integrate of MIS with Devolution Plans Research & Development Challenges • User-friendly computerization • Electronic info. sharing • Incorporate new technology (GIS) Priority Areas

25. THANK YOU VERY MUCH • Please Go on to your Class Exercise after a Ten Minutes Teasing and Relaxing