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What’s so Great about Peter

What’s so Great about Peter. Absolute Ruler #2. After the Age of Exploration, FIVE European countries emerged and began to dominate Europe… ENGLAND FRANCE AUSTRIA PRUSSIA RUSSIA. Think Back……. Write down what you remember about Russia. Boyar Policy. Boyars: Russian nobles

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What’s so Great about Peter

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  1. What’s so Great about Peter Absolute Ruler #2

  2. After the Age of Exploration, FIVE European countries emerged and began to dominate Europe… ENGLAND FRANCE AUSTRIA PRUSSIA RUSSIA

  3. Think Back……. Write down what you remember about Russia....

  4. Boyar Policy • Boyars: • Russian nobles • Boyar Policy: • Ivan IV reduced the nobility’s threat to the throne by seizing their land and placing it under his control

  5. Oprichniki • Established by Ivan the Terrible • A secret police force that was used to terrorize the Russian people

  6. Before the Great… • Ivan IV (The terrible) • Rule disrupted by power struggles with boyars---landowning nobles • Anastasia’s death • Mass executions including oldest son • Rise of the Romanovs • Entered into Time of Troubles • Romanov dynasty • 1613-1917

  7. Insert Peter the Great One of Russia’s greatest reformers. Increased Czar’s power

  8. Major Differences Europe Feudalism—serfs on farms Eastern Orthodox Mongol Rule Geographic Isolation Rise in cities (merchant class) Catholic/Protestant Renaissance Age of Exploration Trade Economic/Military Expansion Russia

  9. Quick Pause How could Peter the Great transform Russia? Could transforming Russia add to absolute authority?

  10. Westernization Using Western Europe as a model to make Russia stronger

  11. Ruling Absolutely To Make Change, Force Change

  12. Reforms • Took Control of Russian Orthodox Church • Abolished office patriarch (head of church) • Reduced power of the great landowners • promoted poorer men to positions of authority • Military hired European officers • Imposed heavy taxes

  13. Compare Peter’s Reforms to Tokugawa’s Reforms

  14. Westernizing Russia • Introduced Potatoes • Raised women’s status • Ordered Nobles to give up their clothes for Western Fashions • Advanced Education

  15. St. Petersburg • Needed a seaport to promote education & travel • Building city on a swamp • Forced serfs to create the city • Ordered nobles to leave Moscow

  16. The German States

  17. The Thirty Years War • Religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) • Protestant States v. Catholic States • The Peace of Westphalia ends the war • Divides the Holy Roman Empire into 30+ Kingdoms

  18. Austria • The Hapsburg family of Austria sets up a strong monarchy • Most famous monarch – Maria Theresa (1740)

  19. Prussia • Very militaristic • Becomes the most powerful of the German states • The heart of modern-day Germany

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