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NAnotechnology : Graphene preparation. Christina Cox Quentin Eustace. Overview. Graphene’s properties Goals of experimentation Six experiments Graphene exfoliation Future exploration. Graphene. Applications : Microelectronics Transistors operate higher frequency
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NAnotechnology:Graphene preparation Christina Cox Quentin Eustace
Overview • Graphene’s properties • Goals of experimentation • Six experiments • Graphene exfoliation • Future exploration
Graphene • Applications: • Microelectronics • Transistors operate higher frequency • Display screens in mobile devices • Sensors to diagnose diseases • Lithium-ion batteries recharge faster Properties: • Electrically conductive • Transparent • 100 times stronger than steel • Flexible
Goals • Vary current to obtain a uniform copper film. • Supply additives to the solution to control the rate of the plating process. • Manipulate time to adjust thickness of desired copper film. • Use scotch tape to quickly obtain at least 10nm of graphene.
Experiment 1 • 25 minutes applying 10-30 mA • Great thicknessdifferentiation
Experiment 2 • 3 minutes applying 1 mA • Copper crystals • 1 1 1 orientation
Experiment 3 • 10 minutes applying 1 mA • Crystal alignment • Uniformity increases
Experiment 4 • 10 minutes applying 10 mA • Copper clusters
Experiment 5 • 30 minutes applying 2 mA • Process is improving
Experiment 6 • 60 minutes applying 0.5 mA • The most uniform film
Graphene Exfoliation • The process of folding and peeling apart graphite on scotch tape.
Results • Low current for a long period of time provided best results. • Additives controlled the rate of the electroplating process. • Graphene exfoliation obtained small area of graphene.
Future Goals • Minimize the amount of clusters present in the final film. • Further experiment on the ideal amount of time, current, and the chemical composition of the bath. • Experiment with uniformly plated copper film as substrate during graphene growth. • Determine the optimum process for electroplating copper.