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Weather—Understanding it

Weather—Understanding it. Weather. Why is it so important to understand the weather?. Weather. Is the atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place or certain time. Tools to Measure Weather. Thermometer- temperature Barometer - air pressure

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Weather—Understanding it

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  1. Weather—Understanding it

  2. Weather • Why is it so important to understand the weather?

  3. Weather • Is the atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place or certain time

  4. Tools to Measure Weather • Thermometer- temperature • Barometer- air pressure • Anemometer- wind speed • Rain gauge- rain fall • Psychrometer- humdity

  5. Tools to measure Weather

  6. HEATING THE EARTH • Factors of the atmosphere that interact to cause weather • Heat energy • Air pressure • Winds • Moisture

  7. Heat Energy and the Atmosphere • Most of the sun’s heat is absorbed through the atmosphere. • The sun’s radiant energy helps to warm the atmosphere. • It is reflected back into space which can be • Absorbed by clouds, earth’s surface, scattered in the atmosphere, absorbed by ozone

  8. Air Pressure • Air pressure is the pressure that a column of air exerts on the surface below it. • Depends of the density of the air

  9. Factors affecting air pressure • Three main factors • Temperature • Water Vapor • Elevation / altitude

  10. High Pressure • A large body of circulating air with high pressure at its center and lower pressure outside of the system. (air moves into and down). • Air moves from high pressure to low pressure. This air is called wind. • The dense air sinks and brings clear skies and fair weather.

  11. Low Pressure • A large body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside of the system. • Air on the outside of the system will spiral in toward the center. • This causes the air inside the system to rise causing the air to cool and condense. • Weather in this system is cloudy and rainy.

  12. Moisture in the Air • Humidity- the amount of water in the air • Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air compared to the maximum (100%) amount of water vapor the air could contain at that temperature

  13. Weather Patterns • Air masses– cover thousands of sq kilometers • Air masses are formed from changes in weather causing large bodies of air to move.

  14. Four types of air masses • Maritime Tropical– forms over ocean near equator • Holds warm moist air • When in contact with cold air in winter- snow or rain fall • Maritime Polar– forms over the Pacific Ocean in both winter and summer • Brings cooler weather to the eastern states and fog to the westernstates.

  15. Air masses • Continental Tropical– forms over land in Mexico. • Brings hot, dry air to the SW states. • Continental Polar- forms over land in Northern Canada • In winter, brings cold, dry air to the US. http://video.about.com/weather/Types-of-Air-Masses.htm

  16. FRONTS • When 2 air masses such as warm and cold meet they form a boundary instead of mixing. • FOUR TYPES OF FRONTS • Cold • Warm • Occluded • Stationary

  17. fronts • Cold– meet and push under a warm mass of air • Travels faster than a warm front • Warm– overtakes a cold front and moves over it • Occluded– when cool air overtakes a cold front and warn air is pushed upward. • Stationary– two fronts meets but do not move.

  18. Lines on a Map

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