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Ch 21 Understanding Weather

Ch 21 Understanding Weather. Water in the Air Air Masses and Fronts Severe Weather. Water in the Air. The Water Cycle Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Runoff. Water in the Air. Humidity- the amount of water vapor in the air. Water in the Air.

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Ch 21 Understanding Weather

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  1. Ch 21 Understanding Weather • Water in the Air • Air Masses and Fronts • Severe Weather

  2. Water in the Air • The Water Cycle • Evaporation • Condensation • Precipitation • Runoff

  3. Water in the Air • Humidity-the amount of water vapor in the air

  4. Water in the Air • Dew point-the temperature to which air must cool to become saturated. • Saturated- when air holds all the water vapor it can at a given temperature

  5. Clouds • Cumulus- puffy white clouds with flat bottoms • Stratus- clouds that form in layers • Cirrus- feathery, wispy white clouds at high altitudes

  6. Air Masses and Fronts • Cold Front- a fast-moving cold air mass moves under less dense warm air, pushing it upwards • Results in thunderstorms, cooler weather

  7. Air Masses and Fronts • Warm Front- warm, less dense air moves over the cold, denser air, bringing drizzly rain and then clear warm weather

  8. Air Masses and Fronts • Occluded Front- a warm air mass is caught between two colder masses, resulting in cool temperatures and lots of precipitation

  9. Air Masses and Fronts • Stationary Front- cold and warm air masses meet but do not have the force to create storms

  10. Severe Weather • Thunderstorms-heavy rainstorms with strong winds, lightning and thunder • Lightning- an electric discharge that takes place between a positively charged area and a negatively charged area • Thunder- the sound caused by the rapid expansion of air along the lightning strike

  11. Severe Weather • Tornado- a small, spinning column of air that has high wind speed and touches the ground • Hurricane- a large, spinning tropical weather system with wind speeds of at least 119 km/hr

  12. Severe Weather • How does a tornado form? • Wind moving in two different directions causes a layer of air in the middle to spin like a roll of toilet paper. It works it’s way to the bottom of the cloud and eventually to the ground.

  13. Severe Weather • How does a Hurricane form? • It’s a group of thunderstorms that form over the oceans. Wind that travels in different directions causes it to spin. Energy is gathered from warm waters.

  14. Severe Weather • A weather forecast is a prediction of weather conditions over the next 3-5 days. • A meteorologist is a person that observes and collects data on atmospheric conditions.

  15. Forecasting Weather • Meteorologists use a barometer to measure air pressure and an anemometer to measure wind speed. • Weather balloons carry radio transmitters that send measurements to the weather stations

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