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Manipulation of quantum paths for space–time characterization of attosecond pulses

Manipulation of quantum paths for space–time characterization of attosecond pulses. Pulse measurements techniques. Somewhat time resolved but spatially and temporally averaged: rabitt Time resolved but spatially averaged: crab

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Manipulation of quantum paths for space–time characterization of attosecond pulses

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  1. Manipulation of quantum paths for space–timecharacterization of attosecond pulses

  2. Pulse measurements techniques Somewhat time resolved but spatially and temporally averaged: rabitt Time resolved but spatially averaged: crab Far field spatially and spectrally resolved but temporally averaged: flat field spectrometer

  3. rabitt Paul et al: science 292, 1689

  4. rabitt E t

  5. Crab (aka streaking) Sansone et al: science 314, 443

  6. divergence wavelength

  7. a, c b, d

  8. e, The spatially resolved XUV spectrum measured at the far-field without the perturbation. f, Reconstructed XUV spectrum in the near-field where the XUV is generated. g, The reconstructed XUV spectrum at the near-field on-axis (red squares) and off-axis (blue circles). The XUV spectra calculated using the SFA on-axis (red solid line) and off-axis (blue solid line).

  9. Figure 3 j Spatio-temporal snapshot of an isolated attosecond pulse. a, The temporal profile of the XUV fields Eneart (y;t) b, The intensity profiles of the XUV emission in the near-field are shown in red for y=0 and blue for y=12 . Insets: the short-time Fourier transform analysis for the XUV emission for yD0 (top) and yD12 m (bottom). c, The temporal profile of the XUV fields Efar t (;t) at the far-field obtained by propagating a. d, The intensity profiles of the XUV emission at the far-field are shown with red for D0 and blue for D2:5 mrad. Insets: the short-time Fourier transform analysis is shown for D0 (top) and D2:5 mrad (bottom).

  10. Top of gas jet (y1) φ = kpθp(y1 − cτ /θp) Δφ Δφ = kpθp(y1-y2) Bottom of gas jet (y2)

  11. As long as the intensity of the perturbing pulse is very weak compared to that of the fundamental laser pulse (Ip/I0 ≈ 3 × 10−4 in this work), the XUV emission generated from a single atom in the near-fieldEnear ε can be written in the first-order approximation as:

  12. The near-and far-fields are related through the Fourier transform, which can be written as:

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