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Ch 7

Axial & Appendicular. Skeletal System. Ch 7. Axial Skeleton. Appendicular Skeleton. Types of Bones. Long Bones - metacarples, metatarsals, phelangies, humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula Short Bones - carpals, tarsals Flat Bones - rib, scapula, skull, sternum

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Ch 7

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  1. Axial & Appendicular Skeletal System Ch 7

  2. Axial Skeleton

  3. Appendicular Skeleton

  4. Types of Bones • Long Bones- metacarples, metatarsals, phelangies, humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula • Short Bones- carpals, tarsals • Flat Bones- rib, scapula, skull, sternum • Irregular Bones- vertebrae, some facial bones • Sesamoid- patella

  5. Bone Classification

  6. Bone Markings • Depression & Openings: • Fissure • Foramen • Fossa • Sulcus • Meatus • Processes: • Condyle • Facet • Head • Crest • Epicondyle • Line • Spinous process • Trochanter • Tubercle • Tuberocity

  7. Bone Markings Two types of bone markings: Projections (aka processes) that grow out from the bone Depressions (cavities) that indent the bone

  8. Joint Projections 1) Condyle: Rounded articular projection Condyle

  9. Joint Projections 2) Head: bony expansion on a narrow neck 3) Facet: smooth, nearly flat articular surface

  10. Joint Projections 4) Ramus: Armlike bar of bone

  11. Ligament/Tendon Projections 1) Crest: Narrow ridge of bone (Line: smaller than a crest) 2) Epicondyle: Raised area on or above a condyle ULNA

  12. 3) Tubercle: Small rounded projection 4) Tuberosity: large rounded or roughened projection 5) Trochanter: very large, blunt projection (only on femur) Proximal Tibia

  13. 6) Spine: Sharp, pointed projection Thoracic Vertebrae

  14. DEPRESSIONS Allow blood vessels or nerves to pass through. 1) Meatus: (me - A- tus) Canal or tube

  15. Depressions 2) Fossa: shallow basin 3) Fissure: narrow, slit-like opening

  16. Depressions 4) Sinus: Cavity within a bone; filled with air and lined with mucous membranes 5) Foramen: Round or oval opening Foramen Magnum

  17. Depressions 6) Sulcus, Groove or Furrow: a shallow depression

  18. Axial Skeleton Cranium Facial Bones Anterior View

  19. Axial Skeleton Cranium Facial Bones Lateral View

  20. Axial Skeleton Posterior View

  21. Axial Skeleton Inferior View

  22. Axial Skeleton

  23. Fetal Skull

  24. Sinal Cavities Frontal Sinus Ethmoid Sinus Sphenoid Sinus Maxillary Sinus • Warm and moisten air • Lighten the skull • Enhance voice resonance

  25. Axial Skeleton The Vertebral Column Cervical Vertebrae (7) Thoracic Vertebrae (12) Lumbar Vertberae (5) Sacrum Coccyx

  26. Fig. 07.18a

  27. Cervical Vertebrae

  28. Axial Skeleton The Thoracic Cage Sternum True Ribs (7) False Ribs (3) Floating Ribs (2)

  29. Ribs & Vertebrae

  30. Axial Skeleton Sacrum & Coccyx

  31. Appendicular Skeleton Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

  32. Appendicular Skeleton Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

  33. Appendicular Skeleton The Upper Limb (Forelimb) Humerus Ulna Radius Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges

  34. Humorus

  35. Ulna & Radius

  36. Hand Bones

  37. Some Lovers Try Positions Lunate In the moonlight Scaphoid A boat Triquetrum The third T Bone Pisiform Pea-shaped Hamate A hambone With a hook Trapezium: “It’s by the thumb” Capitate Trapezoid “Is by its side” That They Can't Handle Right Palm

  38. Appendicular Skeleton Pelvis

  39. Appendicular Skeleton Pelvis (lateral view) Ilium Acetabulum Obturator foramen Pubis Ischium Ischium

  40. Male vs Female Pelvis Female Pelvic Girdle Male Pelvic Girdle

  41. Appendicular Skeleton The Lower Limb (Legs) Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges

  42. Femur

  43. Patella

  44. Tibia & Fibula

  45. Foot phelangies metatarsals tarsals tarsals metatarsals phelangies

  46. Mnemonic for Learning Tarsal Bones: Calcaneus Tiger Cubs Need M I L C Navicular A boat It sails on the Cs Talus Medial cuneiform (1) Intermediate cuneiform (2) Lateral cuneiform (3) Cuboid

  47. Disorders Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis

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