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English Styles in 17 th & 18 th Century

BAROQUE William & Mary 1680s – 1700 Queen Anne 1700 – 1730s. ROCOCO George I – IV 1730s – 1820s Corresponds to American Colonial. English Styles in 17 th & 18 th Century. ENGLISH GEORGIAN. Queen Anne Style (English version of Baroque). Georgian c. 1700-30. cupid’s bow.

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English Styles in 17 th & 18 th Century

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  1. BAROQUE William & Mary 1680s – 1700 Queen Anne 1700 – 1730s ROCOCO George I – IV 1730s – 1820s Corresponds to American Colonial English Styles in 17th & 18th Century ENGLISH GEORGIAN

  2. Queen Anne Style(English version of Baroque) Georgian c. 1700-30

  3. cupid’s bow Queen Anne Chair, c.1700-30, walnut • walnut made it difficult to carve details • sometimes called the parrot chair • English generally leave back legs square—Marlboro leg obvious division between leg & seat

  4. Mechanical Wingback c.1700-30 • Baroque features with Georgian features—hodge podge • put in front of fireplace to hold heat in • Fringe distinctly English

  5. swan neck finial escutcheons Highboy c. 1700-30, walnut cabriole leg—English make them short and squat

  6. English late Baroque Chest, c. 1700-30 • moving to neo-classical though still big and heavy • classical details--lions head, arch, greek key motifs • shells more baroque & rococo

  7. Georgian 1650 - 1770

  8. Hanoverian Dynasty • no more Tudors or Stuarts • House of Hanover from Germany—distant cousins • George I - IV

  9. The Whig Party • George I not interested in Arts • Whigs become influential in defining “good taste” • power and prestige of upper class based on: • ownership of land • construction of country houses as evidence of wealth

  10. English Georgian Country House(nobles have a city home and a retreat) PURPOSE or FUNCTION • retreat for nobility • keep government officials near London • recreational lodging • used for persuasion—“help” you change your views on political items

  11. Coleshill(country home) Berkshire, England, architect Sir Roger Pratt, 1650s

  12. Cupola Longleat Hall/Italian Renaissance Balustrade Italian renaissance Hipped Roof distinctly English Dormer Windows (French) • battle between vertical & horizontal • 3 floors shown with string courses—basement service story • quoining

  13. encouragement of social mingling(partly because party home) caused a new flow between rooms • two rooms deep • central corridor meant for servants • enfilade public • Hall—most ornamented and expensive room in the space • parlor, antechamber & chamber sequence nonexistent in England Double Pile House Communal Planning

  14. interior characteristics modeled figures classical orders delicate motifs asymmetry undulating line natural forms exterior details mish-mash of everything—distinctly English The Hall

  15. The Parlour—scale? one base color for wall—everything else is white

  16. all about architectural detailing

  17. Late Georgian broken scroll pediment central cartouche or coat of arms attenuated caryatids classical order very sculptural

  18. The Gentleman's and Cabinet-Maker’s Director(English version of Rococo) Thomas Chippendale, London, 1754 • first book to deal with furniture relative to interiors • starts to do interior decoration as well • eventually grew to 120 people working for him

  19. Modern Chairs or In the French Style, 1754 like French Rococo

  20. seems to be a frieze with triglyphs/ metopes gothic revival classical revival Gothic / Classical Chairs, 1754

  21. lattice backs Chinese Chippendale Chairs, 1754 romanticism

  22. Ribbon-back Chair, 1754 rococo motif

  23. need more surfaces/table tops for tea drinking • squatty leg • claw and ball foot—Chinese inspiration—dragon claw holding a pearl Pie Crust Side Table

  24. Rococo inspired ornamentation lighter, more delicate, cabriole leg, female figure

  25. INFLUENCES • travel • return with souvenirs • Grand Tour (finish training of architects) • admiration of landscape painting • beginning of study of history of architecture • romanticism—transporting yourself to a different place & time

  26. Claydon House Luke Lightfoot 1750s • all done in plaster • references Chinese architecture • using Asian people • bells become popular

  27. Chinoiserie close up of plaster work—looks almost as if it is dripping

  28. detail of a niche—dragons & herons

  29. Chippendale bed became popular showed wealth, education, and that you were well traveled

  30. gilded lattice work bamboo

  31. Edmund Burke Treatise on the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful 1753 “Pleasurable fear” • picturesque • fascinated by storms & shadows • huge impact on landscape design J. M. W. Turner, The Passage of the St. Gothard (1804). Watercolor.

  32. Chiswick • gardens are classic English Baroque—very romantic ideal • small Roman temple, English cottage, Sphinx, Pagoda—never encounter more than one at a time near London, (Neo-Palladian villa) by Lord Burlington, 1720s

  33. Chiswick House exterior is classical renewed interest in Palladio and his works (Villa Rotunda)

  34. Gallery Red Velvet Room Green Velvet Room Saloon Blue Velvet Room interior is picturesque room shapes change

  35. more Baroque picturesque interiors—color scheme changes dramatically

  36. Gallery delicate, cream and gold color palette—more Rococo new version of Long Gallery—still linear but taking you through different shaped rooms

  37. compartmentalized ceiling so little of the Long Gallery walls used for pictures now

  38. Strawberry Hill Gothic Revival Villa, Twickenham, England, by Horace Walpole, et. al., 1750-70s (based on their own ruins)

  39. Strawberry Hill (Gothic Revival Villa), Twickenham, England, by Horace Walpole, et. al., 1750-70s straddles movement into Neo-classicism Gothic design details?

  40. picturesque planning rooms are all different shapes circulation is unclear

  41. Sitting Room Gothic inspired fan vaulting

  42. Great Cloister Georgian coloration—color on white; Rococo tone on tone pattern on wall; Gothic Revival detailing

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