Electric Cars

1. 项目七：新能源汽车 Electric Cars 主讲：王芳

2. 学习目标： • 认识新能源汽车相关的专业术语、词汇； • 对新能源汽车相关的资料进行简单的中英互译； • 对新能源汽车实物上英语单词或词汇并进行辨认； • 认识新能源汽车构造及缩略词； • 阅读关于新能源汽车的外文文献，并掌握简单翻译技巧； • 正确完成课后练习。

3. 任务描述： 通过介绍纯电动汽车、燃料电池汽车、油电混合动力汽车、太阳能汽车、空气动力汽车，学习各种新能源汽车的结构和原理，完成对相关单词词汇和语句的认识。通过完成该任务，能阅读关于新能源汽车的外文文献，并能运用所学项目知识和翻译技巧，对相关文献进行翻译。

4. 引导问题： 下图中的英文代表什么意思，你知道吗？

5. Word List • Accelerate v.加速，促进 • Alloy n.合金vt.使成合金，减低成色 • barring prep.不包括，除非 • battery n.电池 • Component n.成分，adj.组成的，构成的 • Contrast vt.使与…对比，使与…对照 • Conventional adj.惯例的，常规的，习俗 的，传统的 • Decrease n.减少，减少之量，v.减少

6. Dependence n.依靠，依赖，信任，信赖 • Emission n.(光、热等的)散发，发射，喷射 • Energy n.精力，精神，活力，[物]能量 • Ethanol n..乙醇，酒精 • Excite vt.刺激，使兴奋，使激动 • Formula n.公式，规则，客套语 • Fossil adj.化石的，陈腐的，守旧的 • Gallium n.[化]镓

7. Generate vt.产生，发生 • Generation n.产生，发生，一代，一代人 • Generator n.发电机，发生器 • Household adj.家庭的，家族的，家属的，普通的 • Hydrogen n.氢 • Indium n.[化]铟 • Industrial adj.工业的，产业的，实业的，从事工业的 • Nitrogen n.[化]氮

8. Obtain v.获得Overcome vt.战胜，克服，胜过，征服，vi.得胜Oxygen n.[化]氧Parallel adj.平行的，相同的，类似的，并联的Photon n.光子Pollution n.污染，玷污Potential adj.潜在的，可能的，势的，位的Practical adj.实际的，实践的，实用的，应用的Predict v.预知，预言，预报Propel vt.推进，驱使Reduction n.减少，缩影，变形，缩减量，约简Scheduled adj.预定的

9. Semiconductor n.[物]半导体 • Series n.连续，系列，一连串，串联 • Significantly adv.意味深长地，值得注目地，有效地 • Silicon n.[化]硅，硅元素 • Solar adj.太阳的，日光的 • Sophisticate n.久经世故的人，多变的人 • Storage n.贮藏(量)，贮藏库，存储 • Strike vt.打，撞击，冲击 • Substantial adj.坚固的，实质的，真实的，充实的 • Tailpipe n.[汽]排气管 • Transmission n.变速箱

10. Proper Names • carbon dioxide二氧化碳 • carbon-fiber 碳素纤维，碳化纤维 • compressed air car压缩空气汽车 • consulting company咨询公司 • electric car电动汽车 • electric motor电动机 • electrical current电流 • fuel cell stack燃料电池组 • fuel cell vehicle燃料电池车 • fuel tank燃料罐 • gas-and-oxygen汽油和氧气 • gasoline engine汽油发动机 • gasoline-electric hybrid car油电混合汽车

11. greenhouse gas温室气体 • harmful emission有害排放 • Honda Insight本田思域 • lithium-ion battery锂离子电池 • parallel hybrid并联混合 • photovoltaic cell光生伏打电池 • regenerative braking制动回收 • series hybrid串联混合 • solar car太阳能汽车 • solar panel太阳能板 • thermal energy热能 • Toyota Prius丰田普锐斯

12. Electric Cars • An electric car is a plug-in battery powered automobile which is propelled by electric motor(s). Electric cars have the potential of significantly reducing city pollution by having zero tail pipe emissions. Vehicle greenhouse gas savings depend on how the electricity is generated. With the current U.S. energy mix, using an electric car would result in a 30% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Given the current energy mixes in other countries, it has been predicted that such emissions would decrease by 40% in the UK, 19% in China, and as little as 1% in Germany.

14. Full Cell Vehicles • Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the potential to significantly reduce our dependence on foreign oil and lower harmful emissions that cause climate change. FCVs run on hydrogen gas rather than gasoline and emit no harmful tailpipe emissions. These vehicles are in the early stages of development, and several challenges must be overcome before these vehicles will be competitive with conventional vehicles. However, the potential benefits of this technology are substantial.

16. Gasoline-electric Hybrid Cars Gasoline-electric hybrid cars contain the following parts. • Gasoline engine • Fuel tank • Electric motor • Generator • Batteries • Transmission

18. Solar Cars • A solar car is an electric car powered by solar electricity. This is obtained from solar panels on the surface (generally, the top or window) of the car. Photovoltaic (PV) cells convert the sun's energy directly into electrical energy.

20. Compressed Air Cars

21. Notes • Electric cars have the potential of significantly reducing city pollution by having zero tail pipe emissions. • 翻译：电动汽车没有尾气排放，具有明显减少城市污染的潜力。 • The most obvious difference is the fuel cell stack that converts hydrogen gas stored onboard with oxygen from the air into electricity to drive the electric motor that propels the vehicle. • 翻译：最明显的不同是燃料电池将车载的氢和空气中的氧转化成电流来驱动电动机，从而驱动车辆前进。

22. Advanced electronics allow it to act as a motor as well as a generator. • 翻译：先进的电子学让它同时扮演电动机和发电机两个角色。 • When sunlight (photons) strikes PV cells, they excite electrons and allow them to flow, creating an electrical current. • 翻译：当阳光照射（光子撞击）光生伏打电池，光子激发电子并让其流动，从而造成一股电流。 • The car can be powered solely by air, or combined (as in a hybrid electric vehicle) with gasoline, diesel, ethanol, or an electric plant with regenerative braking. • 翻译：这种汽车可以单独由空气驱动，或组合一台汽油、柴油、乙醇发动机或者带制动回收的电气设备（就像在一辆混合动力汽车中）。

23. Exercises 1.Choose the best answer from the following choices according to the text • 1) The newest generation of electric cars is a good match for the current generation of gas and/orpowered cars. A. gasoline B. diesel C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas D. natural gas • 2) The hybrid car has a engine much like the one you will find on most cars. A. gasoline B. diesel C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas D. natural gas • 3) A solar car is an electric car powered by electricity. A. sun B. hydrogen C. pure D. solar • 4) You can combine the two power sources found in acar in different ways. A. solar car B. electric car C. hybrid D. full cell

24. 2.Translate the following into Chinese • 1) carbon dioxide 2)compressed air 3)electric motor • 4) fuel cell vehicle 5)gasoline-electric hybrid car 6)harmful emission • 7) lithium-ion battery 8)series hybrid 9)solar car • 3. Translate the following into English • 1)并联混合 2)电动汽车 3)光生伏打电池 • 4)压缩空气汽车 5)汽油发动机 6)燃料电池组 • 7)太阳能板 8)碳素纤维 9)温室气体

25. 4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese • 1) PV cells are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon and alloys of indium, gallium and nitrogen. • 2) An electric car is a plug-in battery powered automobile which is propelled by electric motor(s). • 3) Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the potential to significantly reduce our dependence on foreign oil and lower harmful emissions that cause climate change. • 4) Since a compressed air car's source of energy is usually electricity, its total environmental impact depends on how clean the source of this electricity is.

26. 5. Translate the words or phrases in the following figure into Chinese