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Chapter 5 – The Development of Social Institutions

Chapter 5 – The Development of Social Institutions. From Hunter Gatherers to Complex societies. Institution. What is an institution ? it is not a building, but an organized and predictable way a society has developed to meet its basic needs. The Development of Social Institutions. 1.

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Chapter 5 – The Development of Social Institutions

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  1. Chapter 5 – The Development of Social Institutions From Hunter Gatherers to Complex societies

  2. Institution • What is an institution? • it is not a building, but an organized and predictable way a society has developed to meet its basic needs

  3. The Development of Social Institutions 1. Foraging – a way of life based on hunting and gathering • Some cultures still practice this way of life and they are studies because it gives clues as to how ancient cultures lived • Most of these groups form kinship bands that are mobile, egalitarian (status is not based on wealth) • Family was the only institution – it was responsible for education, safety, socialization of children • Foraging Society

  4. 2. Agricultural - people settled in fertile areas, when surpluses of grain were produced cities developed • villages grew to replace the role of the family • gradually a priestly class developed, armies and civil servants • from hunter gatherer to farmer

  5. 3. Industrial - societies who are dependent on manufactured good and rely on buying of selling of goods More complex institutions developed Industrial Revolution

  6. Major Institutions • Family- Responsible for reproduction to replace members • - provide protection • Socialize the young • Economic - Produce and distribute goods and services • Political - assist group in decision making • Education – a way to pass on culture, knowledge, and values • Religion - help people find purpose in their lives • develops spiritual side of people • provides guidelines for personal behaviour and social interaction

  7. Role Expectations Within a social institution there is a set of expected behaviours or roles that one is expected to play What are the roles at school? What are some expected behaviours for each role?

  8. Status Status- is the position a person has within a social institution The role (behaviour) expected of a person depends on which SI they are participating in and their status within that SI What SI’s are you a member of? What is your role? What is your status?

  9. Theories of Social Institutions Functionalist SI work together to meet the needs of society Each SI is like a part of the body, when working properly it contributes to the greater good All members benefit

  10. Conflict Theory SI meet the needs of only a small group in society – the wealthy Wealthy control business, politics, law and education

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