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Acid Dissociation

+. 1-. Acid Dissociation. H. Cl. HCl. Conjugate base. Acid. Conjugate pair. Kelter, Carr, Scott, Chemistry A World of Choices 1999, page 280. HCl + H 2 O H 3 O + + Cl -. HCl + H 2 O H 3 O + + Cl -.

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Acid Dissociation

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  1. + 1- Acid Dissociation H Cl HCl Conjugate base Acid Conjugate pair Kelter, Carr, Scott, Chemistry A World of Choices 1999, page 280

  2. HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- acid base CA CB Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs conjugates base acid acid base conjugates

  3. NH3 + H2O NH41+ + OH- NH3 + H2O NH41+ + OH- base acid CA CB Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs conjugates acid base base acid conjugates

  4. NH3 + H2O NH41+ + OH- HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- base acid CA CB acid base CA CB Water is Amphoteric Amphoteric or Amphiprotic substances: Substances which can act as either proton donors (acids) or proton acceptors (bases) depending on what substances are present.

  5. 1- 2- 1- + + H2O HSO4- SO42- OH- hydrogen sulfate ion hydroxide ion sulfate ion water Amphoteric A substance that can act as either an acid or a base. 1- 1+ + + H2O H3O+ HSO4- H2SO4 water hydronium ion hydrogen sulfate ion sulfuric acid

  6. + H2O H2SO4 water sulfuric acid Amphoteric A substance that can act as either an acid or a base. 1- 1+ + H3O+ HSO4- hydronium ion hydrogen sulfate ion (HSO4- as a base)

  7. 2- + H2O SO42- sulfate ion water Amphoteric A substance that can act as either an acid or a base. 1- 1- + HSO4- OH- hydrogen sulfate ion hydroxide ion (HSO4- as an acid)

  8. conjugates HC2H3O2 + H2O H3O1+ + C2H3O2OH- conjugates HC2H3O2 + H2O H3O1+ + C2H3O2OH- acid base CA CB Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs base2 acid2 acid1 base1 The reaction proceeds in the direction such that the stronger acid donates its proton to the stronger base.

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