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Inorganic Nomenclature

Inorganic Nomenclature. Ions. atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons. cation -- positive ion anion -- negative ion. Ionic Compounds.

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Inorganic Nomenclature

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  1. Inorganic Nomenclature

  2. Ions • atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons. • cation -- positive ion • anion -- negative ion

  3. Ionic Compounds • Neutral compounds which are formed when anions and cations come together in ratios that balance the positive and negative charges. (Form formula units)

  4. Formula Unit • The smallest representative unit of an ionic compound.

  5. Common monatomic ions • H+ • Li+ Be+2 N-3 O-2 F- • Na+ Mg+2 Al+3 P-3 S-2 Cl- • K+ Ca+2 Zn+2 As-3 Se-2 Br- • Rb+ Sr+2 Ag+ Cd+2 Te-2 I- • Cs+ Ra+2

  6. Cation names = element name • Na+ sodium ion • Ca2+ calcium ion • Co3+ cobalt(III) ion • Co2+ cobalt(II) ion • for transition metals or other metals with variable oxidation states use roman numerals to designate charge.

  7. Anion names = elementide ion • N3- nitrogen  nitride ion • O2- oxygen  oxide ion • S2- sulfur  sulfide ion • Cl- chlorine  chloride ion

  8. Compound formation • Ions will combine in such a way as to neutralize charges

  9. calcium + bromine

  10. calcium + bromine  Ca+2 + Br- CaBr2 • calcium bromide

  11. silver + oxygen

  12. silver + oxygen  Ag+ + O-2 Ag2O • silver oxide

  13. potassium + chlorine

  14. potassium + chlorine  K+ + Cl- KCl • potassium chloride

  15. aluminum + oxygen

  16. aluminum + oxygen  Al+3 + O-2 Al2O3 • aluminum oxide

  17. Latin names for cations • Copper(I) = cuprous = Cu+ • Copper(II) = cupric = Cu+2 • Iron(II) = ferrous = Fe+2 • Iron(III) = ferric Fe+3 • Tin(II) = stannous = Sn+2 • Tin(IV) = stannic = Sn+4

  18. Name to Formula • Chromium(II)chloride • Cadmium nitride • Potassium bromide • Cuprous sulfide • Silver oxide

  19. Name to Formula • Chromium(II)chloride - CrCl2 • Cadmium nitride - Cd3N2 • Potassium bromide - KBr • Cuprous sulfide - Cu2S • Silver oxide - Ag2O

  20. Formula to Name • Na3N • FeCl3 • Ca3P2 • CdO • LiI

  21. Formula to Name • Na3N - sodium nitride • FeCl3 - iron(III) chloride • Ca3P2 - calcium phosphide • CdO - cadmium oxide • LiI - lithium iodide

  22. Binary covalent compounds • mono 1 hexa 6 • di 2 hepta 7 • tri 3 octa 8 • tetra 4 nona 9 • penta 5 deca 10

  23. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO • NO • SO2 • PCl5 • Br3O8 • N2O • Sb2S5

  24. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO • SO2 • PCl5 • Br3O8 • N2O • Sb2S5

  25. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 • PCl5 • Br3O8 • N2O • Sb2S5

  26. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 sulfur dioxide • PCl5 • Br3O8 • N2O • Sb2S5

  27. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 sulfur dioxide • PCl5 phosphorous pentachloride • Br3O8 • N2O • Sb2S5

  28. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 sulfur dioxide • PCl5phosphorous pentachloride • Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide • N2O • Sb2S5

  29. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 sulfur dioxide • PCl5phosphorous pentachloride • Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide • N2O dinitrogen oxide • Sb2S5

  30. CO2 carbon dioxide • CO carbon monoxide • NO nitrogen monoxide • SO2 sulfur dioxide • PCl5phosphorous pentachloride • Br3O8 tribromine octaoxide • N2O dinitrogen oxide • Sb2S5 diantimony pentasulfide

  31. Ternary “ate” anions • Ions inside Mississippi • contain 4 oxygen atoms. • Ions outside Mississippi • contain 3 oxygen atoms • look at charge trends

  32. Formula to name • Ca(ClO3)2 - • Na2SO4 - • Mg3(PO4)2 - • Al(BrO3)3 -

  33. Formula to name • Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate • Na2SO4 - • Mg3(PO4)2 - • Al(BrO3)3 -

  34. Formula to name • Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate • Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate • Mg3(PO4)2 - • Al(BrO3)3 -

  35. Formula to name • Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate • Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate • Mg3(PO4)2 - magnesium phosphate • Al(BrO3)3 -

  36. Formula to name • Ca(ClO3)2 - calcium chlorate • Na2SO4 - sodium sulfate • Mg3(PO4)2 - magnesium phosphate • Al(BrO3)3 - aluminum bromate

  37. Name to formula • lithium selenate - • potassium iodate - • aluminum carbonate - • calcium borate - • cuprous sulfate -

  38. Name to formula • lithium selenate - Li2SeO4 • potassium iodate - • aluminum carbonate - • calcium borate - • cuprous sulfate -

  39. Name to formula • lithium selenate - Li2SeO4 • potassium iodate - KIO3 • aluminum carbonate - • calcium borate - • cuprous sulfate -

  40. Name to formula • lithium selenate - Li2SeO4 • potassium iodate - KIO3 • aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3 • calcium borate - • cuprous sulfate -

  41. Name to formula • lithium selenate - Li2SeO4 • potassium iodate - KIO3 • aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3 • calcium borate - Ca3(BO3)2 • cuprous sulfate -

  42. Name to formula • lithium selenate - Li2SeO4 • potassium iodate - KIO3 • aluminum carbonate - Al2(CO3)3 • calcium borate - Ca3(BO3)2 • cuprous sulfate - Cu2SO4

  43. Ternary “ite” ions • “Ite” ions = “ate” ions less 1 oxygen • all else remains the same

  44. Formula to name • K3PO3 - • Mg3(BO3)2 - • Al(ClO2)3 - • Fe(IO3)3 -

  45. Formula to name • K3PO3 - potassium phosphite • Mg3(BO3)2 - • Al(ClO2)3 - • Fe(IO3)3 -

  46. Formula to name • K3PO3 - potassium phosphite • Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate • Al(ClO2)3 - • Fe(IO3)3 -

  47. Formula to name • K3PO3 - potassium phosphite • Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate • Al(ClO2)3 - aluminum chlorite • Fe(IO3)3 -

  48. Formula to name • K3PO3 - potassium phosphite • Mg3(BO3)2 - magnesium borate • Al(ClO2)3 - aluminum chlorite • Fe(IO3)3 - ferric iodate or iron(III) iodate

  49. Name to formula • Strontium sulfite - • Beryllium carbonate - • Aluminum oxide - • Lithium nitrite - • Chromium(III)sulfate -

  50. Name to formula • Strontium sulfite - SrSO3 • Beryllium carbonate - • Aluminum oxide - • Lithium nitrite - • Chromium(III)sulfate -

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