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Harappa Civilization. Hindu Kush. Himalayas. Deccan Plateau. Hindu Kush. Brahmaputra River. Himalayas. Indus River. Ganges River. Deccan Plateau. Indus River Valley Civilization. 6000 BCE – Nomadic herding people. 5000BCE – More rainfall ~ more food ~ bigger population. Cotton.
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Harappa Civilization
Hindu Kush Himalayas Deccan Plateau
Hindu Kush Brahmaputra River Himalayas Indus River Ganges River Deccan Plateau
Indus River Valley Civilization • 6000 BCE – Nomadic herding people. • 5000BCE – More rainfall ~ more food ~ bigger population
Cotton • Began domesticating sheep, goats, cows & water buffalo • Began planting crops
A modern ox cart that looks very similar to the ancient model
4000 BCE – trading with distant areas (shells & beads) • 2600 BCE – More rainfall ~ civilization as big as Mesopotamia & Egypt • 2300 BCE – trading with Mesopotamia and Egypt. • Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa 2 largest cities – over 40,000 each.
Made with standardized, baked bricks (long-lasting) • Sewer system underground • Heated bathing pools • Arithmetic system with decimals • Written language (undeciphered as yet)
Private bath with drain to sewer system, Mohenjo-Daro
Civilization disappeared between 1800 and 1700 BCE • Possibly due to shift in Indus River course • Possibly people downriver dammed it causing ruinous flooding upriver • Possible decline in rainfall
Rainfall increased again in 1500 BCE ~ Groups of pastoral people called Aryans came through Khyber Pass to live on the Indus plains • Warriors with chariots • Indo-European – their language was related to most European languages