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OPERATIONAL TECHNIQUES

OPERATIONAL TECHNIQUES. By Harpinder Kang Khattra. Topics. Parameters Coverage hole filler Leaky feeders Cell splitting and small cells Narrow beam concept. ADJUSTING THE PARAMETERS OF A SYSTEM. Increasing the Coverage for a Noise-Limited System Reducing the Interference

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OPERATIONAL TECHNIQUES

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  1. OPERATIONALTECHNIQUES By Harpinder Kang Khattra

  2. Topics • Parameters • Coverage hole filler • Leaky feeders • Cell splitting and small cells • Narrow beam concept

  3. ADJUSTING THE PARAMETERSOF A SYSTEM • Increasing the Coverage for a Noise-Limited System • Reducing the Interference • Increasing the Traffic Capacity

  4. Increasing the Coverage for a Noise-Limited System • Increasing the Transmitted Power. • Increasing Cell-Site Antenna Height. • Using a High-Gain or a Directional Antenna at the Cell Site. • Lowering the Threshold Level of a Received Signal. • A Low-Noise Receiver • Diversity Receiver. • Selecting Cell-Site Locations. • Using Repeaters and Enhancers to Enlarge the Coverage Area or to Fill in Holes. • Engineering the Antenna Patterns

  5. Reducing the Interference • A good frequency-management chart. • An intelligent frequency assignment. • A proper frequency among a set assigned to a particular mobile unit. • Design of an antenna pattern on the basis of direction. • Tilting-antenna patterns. • Reducing the antenna height. • Reducing the transmitted power. • Choosing the cell-site location.

  6. Increasing the Traffic Capacity • Small Cell Size. • Increasing the Number of Radio Channels in Each Cell. • Enhanced Frequency Spectrum. • Queuing. • Dynamic Channel Assignment.

  7. COVERAGE-HOLE FILLER • Enhancers • Passive Reflector • Diversity • Co-phase Technique

  8. Enhancers

  9. The received signal at the mobile units and at the cell site with an enhancer placed in the middle can be expressed as

  10. Three points should be noted in the installation of an enhancer. • Ring oscillation might easily occur. • The distance between the enhancer and the serving cell site should be as small as possible • Geographic contour should be considered in enhancer installation.

  11. Passive Reflector • The approximate separation between the antenna and the reflector is If the transmitting and receiving antennas are linear elements, then22q

  12. Diversity • The diversity schemes can be classified as • polarization diversity • space diversity • frequency diversity • time diversity • angle diversity.

  13. Co-phase Technique (a) Feedforwardcombiner

  14. (b) feedback combiner.

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