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Global Warming and Climate Change

Global Warming and Climate Change. Vijay Diwan Nisarg Mitra Mandal , Aurangabad vijdiw@gmail.com. Our sun. Relatively a smaller star. Has hydrogen, helium & other trace elements. G2 star : with surface temperature of 6000° K . Shows sun-spots and sun flares.

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Global Warming and Climate Change

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  1. Global Warming and Climate Change Vijay Diwan NisargMitraMandal, Aurangabad vijdiw@gmail.com

  2. Our sun • Relatively a smaller star. • Has hydrogen, helium & other trace elements. • G2star:with surface temperature of6000° K. • Shows sun-spots and sun flares. • Emits sunlight along with infra-red & ultra-violet rays.

  3. The Earth • 3rd solar planet, the largest of the inner planets. Revolves in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Supports life forms on its surface.

  4. The Earth • Cycle of eccentricityaffecting the Northern hemisphere - March to June less CO2 , September to December more CO2

  5. Earth – the facilitator of life • A blue planet : 70% surface occupied by water. • Available fresh water 1 % • Has an envelop of gaseous atmosphere. • The temperature range limited, from 0°Kto 331°K • Supports biota.

  6. Atmosphere – the earth’s armour The green house gases : CO2 : 0.03 % Ozone: 0.000004 % Vapour : 0 to 4 % Methane : 0.0002 % N2 Oxides : 0.00003 % C F Cs : 463100 tons (1987) 134100 tons (2000)

  7. Greenhouse gas emissions200 years of fossil fuel burning caused emission of 28,431,741 thousand mt. tons of GHGs. • China : 20.7 % – 30th • U.S. : 15.5 % – 5th • E.U. : 11.8 % – 17th • India : 5.0 % – 66th • Japan : 3.3 % – 15th

  8. 2007 390 Greenhouse gas emissions 2010 380 370 360 350 Carbon Dioxide Concentration (ppmv) 340 330 320 310 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

  9. Global warming & Climate changeGHGs emission caused by humans has raised the surface temperatures of Earth from 0.18°C to 0.74°C during 100 years. – IPCC, United Nations

  10. Melt down of the Antarctica

  11. Melt down of the Arctic sea

  12. Melting of glaciers 2004 1941

  13. The Impacts of global warming • Extreme and severe climate changes. • Polar & glacial ice melting. • Islands and costal land submergence. • Excessive flooding or drying of rivers. • Increase in number and intensity of hurricanes. • Greater polar temperatures and salination affecting oceans’ conveyer currents. • Reduction in carbondeposition in the tropical forests. • Increase in insect vector population causing greater epidemics. • Biodiversity loss at a alarming level.

  14. Climate change – India profile • Global warming will cause excessive floods & draughts in N.E. India. • Forests & agriculture will be affected endangering food security & livelihoods. • Western and central India will have two extra weeks of draught. • North & north-east sectors will have 5 to 10 extra days of floods. • With increased mosquito breeding, malaria & dengue affected areas will increase by 10%. (Govt. of India’s Report to the I.P.C.C. – 2005)

  15. Attitude of the developed nations • (EMIT) Environmental Measures & International Trade Group founded in 1971, but remains inactive for 20 years. • The Agenda-21 of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit fails. • US refuses to accept the 1993 Kyoto protocol. • US does not support the 1993 Biodiversity Convention of Johannesburg. • Developed countries refuse to transfer low carbon technologies unless developing countries accept carbon cuts, at December 2007 Bali meet. • December 2009 summit at Copenhagen ends with no solution, but arguments only.

  16. The writing on the wall ! • We must understand the limits of the natural resources that fuel the so called development. • Yet, the developed and developing nations continue to pursue the ‘growth rate’ paradigm, that will lead to a future where our children will not be able to sustain life. • Now, we have to make very fundamental choices about our lifestyles.

  17. What do we need to save this planet ? • A paradigm change : ecological pressures to influence the policy making. • Nations’ right to protect their own natural resources be accepted. • Decision making be multi-lateral, not unilateral. • People’s right to regulate investments for ecological and social justice be protected. • Effective population control measures be chosen. • Global grassroots movements in eco-protection be consulted in the process of development.

  18. What can you do ? • Reduce consumption • Plant trees • Drive less • Shop smart • Use renewable energy • Unplug in time • Improve insulation • Be informed Don’t remain happy in ignorance !

  19. Planet Earth could be perishing! • Let us treat it sustainablyand save it.

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