1 / 26

The Reformation continues

The Reformation continues . Chapter 17 Section 4. Key Terms. Predestination Calvinism Theocracy Presbyterian Anabaptists . Catholic Reformation Jesuits Council of Trent. Calvin Continues The Reformation. Luther stood against the Catholic Church Opened the door to other religions

darcie
Download Presentation

The Reformation continues

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Reformation continues Chapter 17 Section 4

  2. Key Terms Predestination Calvinism Theocracy Presbyterian Anabaptists Catholic Reformation Jesuits Council of Trent

  3. Calvin Continues The Reformation • Luther stood against the Catholic Church • Opened the door to other religions • Lutheranism arose in Germany • Religious movements began in Switzerland. and Europe

  4. Ulrich Zwingli • 22 year old priest • Established a church in Switzerland based on theocracy • Theocracy-government in which church and state are joined • Martin Luther opposed this

  5. John Calvin • Next most important Protestant reformer • 1509 born in France • Supported Luther’s reforms • Predestination-God knows who will be saved even before they are born

  6. John Calvin • God guides their lives • Nothing they can do good or bad to change that • Calvinism took root in Switzerland • Viewed people as sinful by nature

  7. John Calvin • Strict laws put in place to regulate behavior • Geneva- church attendance was mandatory • Number and courses of meals • Color of clothing • Feasting, dancing, singing , wearing jewelry were forbidden

  8. John Calvin • Strictness- heart of Calvinists appeal • Sense of mission and discipline • Making world fit for the elect • Elect were the chosen ones

  9. Other Reformers • John Knox-spokesman for reformation in Scotland • Replaced the Roman Catholic Church • Presbyterian denomination

  10. Reforming the Catholic Church • Protestants not the only ones dissatisfied • Catholics also upset • Catholic Reformation- series of reform in the Catholic Church

  11. Jesuits • Jesuits- society of Jesus, religious order to reform the church • Ignatius of Loyola founded Jesuits in 1534 • Nobleman, soldier • While recovering from an injury read books on saints • Became a soldier of God

  12. Jesuits • Father general- ran it like a military institution • Emphasized obedience to the church • Concentrated on education to combat the Protestants • Established missions, school, and universities • Effective organization, gained ground on Protestants

  13. Council of Trent • Paul Pope III in 1545 called the council • Need to redefine the doctrines of the church • Examined criticisms by the Protestants and Catholics • Clarified Catholic teachings on certain points

  14. Council of Trent • Reforms addressed the corruption of the clergy • Training of priests • Financial abuses • Indulgences were abolished • Rejected Protestant’s emphasis on self-discipline and individual faith

  15. Council of Trent • Church could help believers achieve salvation • Using mystery and magnificent ceremonies to inspire faith • Consistent with the belief of millions • Majority of Europeans remain Catholic

  16. Council of Trent • No compromise between Catholics and Protestants • Bold action boost to Catholicism in Poland • Other parts of Europe return to the Church • Catholics felt renewed energy

  17. Council of Trent • By 1700 Jesuits operated 699 colleges in Italy, Germany, and other places • Future leaders educated in Jesuit schools • Order had an influence over public affairs • Worked in India, China, and Japan

  18. Reforming Catholics • Charles Borromeo Archbishop of Milan • Decisive steps to implement reform • Build new schools to educate priests • Francis of Sales • Founded a religious order for women • Returned Calvinists to the church through missionary work

  19. Women and the Church • Women took on more roles • Before Renaissance they lived in secluded convents • 1543-Italian nun Angela Merici began Saint Ursula Company for teaching girls

  20. Women and the Church • Jane of Chantal formed an order to teach girls to become teachers • Schools throughout Europe • Work denounced by anti-Jesuits and the church as dangerous

  21. Reforming Popes • Used it to convert Jews, Muslims and later Protestants • Index of Forbidden Books- to stamp put rebellion • People not to read books on the list • Lose their souls • Torture and execution damaged the Church’s image

  22. Persecution and Hysteria • Luther and Catholics viewed Jews as heretics • Spain forced conversion or they had to leave • Jews resettled in eastern and southern Europe • Some areas they were forced to live in certain areas • Called a ghetto

  23. Changes in Religion • Renewed zeal spread Catholic faith to other continents • North America- and elsewhere softened the harsh colonial rule • Protestants broke away from the Catholic church and formed many factions

  24. Political Effects • Rising sense of nationalism • Protestant Reformation encouraged formation of independent states and nations • Rulers and merchants wanted less church involvement • Political power separated from churches

  25. Italian Wars • Italy bounced between two powers • Sack of Rome by Spaniards and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1527 • Italian wars ended in 1559 • Expanded the Italian Renaissance

  26. Italian Wars • Artist from Italy fled north bringing new techniques • Troops returned carrying new ideas

More Related