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Bio-

Bio-. mass to Chemistry to. Cars. Gregory Penner Soy 20/20 Project May 27 th , 2005. Overview. How did petroleum win? Targets where biomass could be competitive A glimpse of the future What do we need to do?. The 20 th century belonged to petroleum. Most intermediate chemicals

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Bio-

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  1. Bio- mass to Chemistry to Cars Gregory Penner Soy 20/20 Project May 27th, 2005

  2. Overview • How did petroleum win? • Targets where biomass could be competitive • A glimpse of the future • What do we need to do?

  3. The 20th century belonged to petroleum. Most intermediate chemicals are made from petroleum. An average car contains 275 lbs of plastic. 2,250 Ontario plastics companies, shipped $14.7 B in products in 2003.

  4. How did we get here? Petroleum was discovered in Ontario in 1858.

  5. Oil has always beaten agricultural biomass on price.

  6. Specific targets 1.) Automotive coatings

  7. Dupont SuperSolidsTM Paint Reduce VOC emissions 25% Works with existing equipment. Based on vinyl monomer with branched glutaric acid.

  8. Automotive coatings Branched Glutaric Acid C5H7O4 Vinyl Monomer Acrylic Acid Esters Vinyl Polymer C3H4O2 $0.65/lb

  9. A bio-based source? Canola 40% oil $0.25/lb Soybean 20% oil $0.22/lb

  10. A bio-based source? Vegetable oil is composed of fatty acids. Stearic acid 18:0

  11. Double bonds provide an opportunity. Stearic becomes Oleic C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C - = C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-COOH Ozone

  12. Fatty acids occurring in nature.

  13. A new engineering opportunity • Design fatty acid desaturases for targeted molecules C-C-C-C-C=C-C-C-C-C=C-C-C-C-C=C-C-C-C-COOH 20:4 divided in four  4 x Glutaric Acid

  14. Summary • An opportunity exists to make carboxylic acids from vegetable oil. • Modification of plants is required. • Modification of specificity of desaturases • Modification of fatty acid composition • Time will be required to create these modifications • Concerns exist over the presence of industrial components in food crops

  15. Specific Target #2 Bio-catalysis of useful chemicals

  16. Corn Starch Corn $2.00/bushel $0.04/lb 70% Starch Starch $0.05/lb

  17. What is corn starch anyway? Glucose Glucose polymer

  18. Cargill/Dow Corn Biorefinery Polylactic acid

  19. Future product aims Codexis Starch Propionic acid Glucose Lactic acid H+ Lactobacillus Acrylic acid

  20. Summary Agricultural products Enzyme Evolution Competitive Chemical Costs

  21. A glimpse of the future

  22. Crops tailored for specific industrial markets Adipic acid Glutaric acid

  23. Grain Elevators Bio-refineries Biomass  Monomers

  24. Supply to existing chemical infrastructure. Invista Kosa PetroCanada Dow Imperial Oil Sunoco Lanxess Monomers  Polymers Nova Ethyl

  25. Automotive parts clusters Polymers  Cars

  26. We need to compete globally We need to be innovative We need to build on our strengths We need to build our own value chains

  27. How do we make this happen?

  28. An opportunity exists

  29. To lead we must be able to innovate. Plastics Polymers Automotive Parts Intermediate Chemicals Automotive Assembly Petroleum

  30. The driver is reduced cost and increased value Plastics Polymers Automotive Parts Intermediate Chemicals Automotive Assembly Biomass

  31. We need to work together Automotive Industry Process Engineers Enzyme Chemistry Agriculture

  32. Thank you

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