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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. Chapters 13&14. I. Byzantine Empire. Byzantine Empire continued after the fall of the W. Roman Empire with the capitol of Constantinople Center for trade and Hellenistic culture. I. Byzantine Empire. Justinian (r. 526–565 AD)- emperor who retook most of the Roman Empire

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages Chapters 13&14

  2. I. Byzantine Empire • Byzantine Empire continued after the fall of the W. Roman Empire with the capitol of Constantinople • Center for trade and Hellenistic culture

  3. I. Byzantine Empire • Justinian (r. 526–565 AD)- emperor who retook most of the Roman Empire • Justinian’s Code- updated Roman Law and was the basis for European law during the Middle Ages • Built Hagia Sophia • Great Schism (1054)- split between the Catholic and the Orthodox Church

  4. II. Dark Ages • After the fall of the Roman Empire, there was chaos with little learning, society, or economy in Europe • Battle of Tours(732), Charles Martell defeated Muslim invaders

  5. II. Dark Ages • Charlemagne(r. 771-814) • Unified Europe for first time since Rome • Pope crowned him Holy Roman Emperor • Encouraged learning, made laws, spread Christianity • Invaders like the Vikings created chaos again

  6. Discussion Questions • 1. How might a young person have a different perspective on a natural disaster than his or her parents? How might their priorities be different when recovering? What do you think would be most helpful for the people who experienced flooding in Colorado? • 2. Why do you think the CDC is concerned about "superbugs"? What actions, if any, might the medical community take in response to the CDC's concerns over these bacteria? How large a role do you think individuals have in preventing the spread of infection? • 3. What were your impressions of the paintings created by the young artist seen in the program? Do you think the public reacts differently when young people make successful contributions to their community? Explain.

  7. Warm-Up • Pick up work in the back

  8. III. Feudal System • To protect from invaders, peasants bound themselves to lords and worked in large manors • Lords hired knights (mounted warrior class) who got land in return

  9. Feudal System • Lords competed with each other but were under the king • Kings had little power, had a system of give and take with lords

  10. Knights

  11. IV. Middle Ages Religion • Almost every European was Catholic • Pope (the religious and political leader of Catholic Church) oversaw all kings

  12. IV. Middle Ages Religion • Pope Urban II called for Crusades against Muslims in the Holy Land • Christians ruled Jerusalem for 100 years before being defeated • Exposed to Muslims’ learning, advancements, goods

  13. IV. High Middle Ages • After Crusades, kings gained more power- more stability • Except in England, the lords forced the king to sign the Magna Carta- limited the power of the king • Kings fought for dominance • Hundred Years War- British invaded France, French inspired to victory by Joan of Arc. She's a Witch! • Reconquista- Christian Spanish defeated the last of the Moors

  14. Magna Carta

  15. 100 Years War

  16. Reconquista Surrender at Grenada

  17. Warm Up • Look at the following nursery rhyme. How do you think it could relate to the Middle Ages? What does each line symbolize? Ring-a-round a rosie,A pocket full of posies,Ashes! Ashes!We all fall down.

  18. IV. High Middle Ages B. Changes in society • Innovations in agriculture like crop rotation, advanced plows, and windmills increased population • At first economies were local with goods exchanged by bartering • Later, trade was expanded through trade fairs

  19. IV. High Middle Ages • Currency replaced bartering and a banking system emerged with the use of credit • Guilds- craftsmen of same trade come together to protect quality and no competition • Towns developed that were loyal only to the king- became centers of trade and a new “middle” class

  20. IV. High Middle Ages C. Arts of Middle Ages • Architecture: Castles and Cathedrals • Art: Paintings and Tapestries • Literature: mostly religious and in Latin but later some written in the vernacular (everyday language)

  21. Gothic Architecture

  22. Gothic Architecture Flying Buttresses Ribbed Vault

  23. High Middle Ages D. Black Death, plagued that killed 1/3 of population, helped increase the rights and pay of the peasants that survived E. Stability, trade, and middle class helped lead to the Renaissance • Bring out your dead! • Black Death, girl

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