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SKADS and SKA

SKADS and SKA. Andrew Faulkner. Aperture Arrays are Important to the SKA Performance. AA. AA. AA. AA. AA. AA. SKA Science Requirements. AA in all scenarios <500MHz. SKA Memo 100. WBF+ Dense AA. SKA Structure. Mass Storage. 0.3-1.0 GHz Wide FoV.

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SKADS and SKA

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  1. SKADS and SKA Andrew Faulkner

  2. Aperture Arrays areImportant to the SKA Performance

  3. AA AA AA AA AA AA SKA Science Requirements

  4. AA in all scenarios <500MHz SKA Memo 100 WBF+ Dense AA

  5. SKA Structure Mass Storage 0.3-1.0 GHz Wide FoV Central Processing Facility - CPF Dense AA Digital Signal Processing To 250 AA Stations ... Correlator – AA & Dish 16 Tb/s Data ... .. 70-450 MHz Wide FoV .. Time Post Processor Control Sparse AA ... 0.8-10 GHz DSP Control Processors & User interface 12-15m Dishes 80 Gb/s DSP Time Standard ... To 2400 Dishes User interface via Internet

  6. Demonstrator: EMBRACE

  7. Demonstrator: 2-PAD Processing Rack External Analogue only Signal Conditioning Rack Clock distribution Mid-Plane Backplane Bunker wall I/F Board I/F Board 10Gb links Memory FPGA Cyclops Processor Antenna Array ADC FPGA Digital Pre- processor PSU LNA Analog Cond. Digital acquisition Beamforming processing Reg Coax I/F Board I/F Board Memory HSS links ADC FPGA Digital Pre- processor FPGA Cyclops Processor PSU Gain & Drive Distribu- tion Cat-7 Power supplies Power supplies Control System Cooling Systems

  8. Demonstrator BEST

  9. Cost: Processing ability, power requirements and cost Digitisation implementation Internal & external communication data cost Ability to perform back-end processing Technical: Reducing Tsys Limiting self-induced RFI Mass manufacturing Reducing systematics: …Dynamic Range! Calibration methodology Environmental: heat, bugs, lightening etc Challenges

  10. Deliverables (just DS3 and 4!)

  11. Deliverables (just DS3 and 4!) DS4-T1 1. Establish benchmark LNA simulations to provide performance feedback for device process development 2. RF on wafer (RFOW) measurements on device wafers fabricated 3. Design, fabrication and testing of SiGe band pass filter using PIC Technology 4. LNA design techniques simulation study 5. ADC Design rule established and recommend ADC architectures 6. ADC building blocks design, fabrication and performance 7. Design, manufacture and test of hybrid LNA using novel discrete devices developed in programme (two iterations) 8. Fabricate and test Integrated ADC circuits 9. Fabricate and test of advanced integrated interconnect technologies with Si and GaAs technologies. 10. Fabricate and test further LNA technologies – iterations 2 and 3 11. Fabricate and test further ADC technologies - iterations 2 and 3 12. Final report on different semiconductor technologies DS4-T2 1. Wide band, high dynamic range A/D blocks 2. Digital Down Converters 3. Sizing of the digital word at different levels of system 4. Low cost Poly-Phase filter banks 5. Data distribution and synchronization 6. A quasi-perfect reconstruction equi-spaced filter bank DS4-T3 1. Develop RFI mitigation strategies for the phased-array concept of SKA, at a station level and for the instrument as a whole; 2. Assess the influence of these methods on data quality; 3. Assess the cost effectiveness of these methods for the RFI environment of the selected SKA site; 4. Demonstrate practical RFI mitigation techniques for the EMBRACE and BEST SKADS demonstrators DS3-T1 1. Report on COTS technology for data links 2. Report on component-based technology for data links 3. Prototype phase transfer links over various span lengths 4. Report on performance of phase transfer system over real installed fibre links 5. Report on prototype data links over short and long spans 6. Detailed cost models for COTS and component-based data applicable to various network and processing architectures DS3-T2 1. Processing architectural design documents 2. Software design documents 3. Cost and power usage evaluations for the various processing architectures 4. Cost evaluations for the software architecture 5. Technology assessment and road mapping overview reports All to be completed DS4-T4 1. Wide band integrated antenna, dual polarization 2. Low cost antenna technology 3. Low cost packaging solutions 4. Low cost analogue photonic link 5. Reports on all of the above deliverables 6. Publications and PhD thesis DS4-T5 1. Analogue beamformer in GaAs for EMBRACE. 2. Prototype of a lower cost analogue beam-former in Silicon (not in time for EMBRACE.) 3. Prototype digital beamformer for 2-PAD. 4. Architecture design for the whole digital beam-forming system for 2-PAD. 5. A final report on the trade-offs and cost-effectiveness of analogue and digital beam-forming systems. DS3-T3 1. Initial report on conceptual issues concerning the SKA network, data flow and processing 2. Delivery of functional simulator 3. Report on analysis of performance of the SKA using the simulator DS3-T6 1. Spec. of a prototype control and data processing system 2. Specification and implementation of constructs, interfaces and components 3. Platform specific composition/deployment of control and data processing software for several alternative hardware platforms 4. assessment of the readiness for scalabilit with MDA 5. rec. guideline for scalable design and implementation DS4-T6 1. Dual polarization all-digital tile 2. Design documentation package for all-digital tile 3. Test environment for prototype all-digital tile. 4. Evaluation report of tile performance. 5. Tile cost estimates projected for SKA volumes and timescales. 6. Reliability analysis report.

  12. Technology Readiness Levels

  13. Full System Test & Operations SKA in operation SKA Phase 1 System/Subsystem Development Target for AAVP Technology Demonstration PrepSKA & SKADS Technology Development SKADS Research to Prove Feasibility Mostly pre-SKADS work Basic Technology Research Technology Readiness Levels Ref: NASAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_Readiness_Level

  14. Design and Costing - 2 SKACost

  15. System Group Purpose: Focussed advisory group to DS8 to prepare final SKADS report Timing: Continue work from Design and Cost team Deliverable: Core report and ‘arguments’ for SKADS end March 2009 Starting: Autumn 2008 Discussion: With DS8 team

  16. System Group - Members Andrew Faulkner (Chair) Peter Wilkinson Steve Torchinsky Arnold van Ardenne Andre van Es Paul Alexander Dion Kant Stelio Montebugnoli Mike Jones Steve Rawlings Rosie Bolton Jan Geralt bij de Vaate

  17. SKADS “Final Deliverable” Now the responsibity of PrepSKA WP6 This has been embodied in SKA Memo #100. This memo or its derivative is the deliverable We are working on the SKA AA scenario from SKA memo #100 The cost modelling is in the System Group remit. We cannot work on budget or civil works DS8 Deliverables… 1. Scientific and technical specification for the SKA (T0+47); 2. Overall System Design (T0+48); 3. Costing and budget assessment paying attention to the civil works required for the overall array to be included in the Preliminary SKA plan(T0 to T0+48); 4. Preliminary SKA plan including a study of funding sources (T0+48); 5. Square Kilometre Array “White Paper” to be submitted to the International SKA Steering Committee, to the EC and to the national funding agencies which contributed to SKADS (T0+48).

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