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RACIAL-ETHNIC INEQUALITY IN CHILD WELL-BEING FROM 1985-2004

This presentation focuses on the racial-ethnic inequality in child well-being from 1985-2004, examining disparities across various domains. It includes data on safety, economic well-being, health, community connectedness, educational attainment, social relationships, and emotional/spiritual well-being, highlighting gaps between White, Black, and Hispanic children. The research delves into indicators such as drug use, violent crime, poverty, secure parental employment, suicide rates, prekindergarten enrollment, and college graduation, shedding light on the challenges faced by different racial and ethnic groups. Insights into the progress made and the necessary steps to close the gaps are discussed, emphasizing the need for achieving equity in child well-being.

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RACIAL-ETHNIC INEQUALITY IN CHILD WELL-BEING FROM 1985-2004

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  1. by DONALD J. HERNANDEZ and SUZANNE E. MACARTNEY RACIAL-ETHNIC INEQUALITY IN CHILD WELL-BEING FROM 1985-2004 Department of Sociology and Center for Social & Demographic Analysis University at Albany, SUNY, Email: DonH@albany.edu, Phone: (518) 442-4668 presentation at the NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION Washington, D.C., January 29, 2008 Acknowledgements: This research was conducted with funding from the Foundation for Child Development. The authors also are grateful to Kenneth C. Land, Vicki Lamb, Sara Kahler Mustillo, and Callie Rennison. The authors bear sole responsibility for the content and views expressed here.

  2. Slide 2. Percent of U.S. Children Ages 0-17 in Specified Race/Ethnic Groups, 1980-2100 Projections for 2000-2050 were released by the Census Bureau March 18, 2004. These projections take into account the much larger Hispanic population identified in Census 2000. Projections and estimates for other years are from an earlier series released by the Census Bureau January 13, 2000, and were based on the count of Hispanics in Census 1990.

  3. FCD Child Well-Being Index (CWI) Seven Domains of Well-Being ● Safety/Behavioral Concerns ● Family Economic Well-Being ● Health ● Community Connectedness ● Educational Attainment ● Social Relationships ● Emotional/Spiritual Well-Being

  4. – OVERVIEW – The Changing Gaps Separating Whites from Blacks and Hispanics ● Changes in Overall Gaps ● Changes in Domain Gaps ● Accounting for Convergence ● Additional Black/Hispanic Advantages ● Education and Voting ● Eliminating the Overall Gaps ● Looking Beyond Convergence

  5. Slide 5. Overall CWI Average of 7 Domains White Index value Hispanic Black "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  6. Slide 6. Drug Use Indicator Percent with illicit drug use in grade 12 White Percent using illicit drug Hispanic Black "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  7. Slide 7. Violent Crime Indicator Violent crimes, juvenileoffenders violent offenders per 1,000 population 12-17 Black White Hispanic "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  8. Slide 8. Crime Victimization Indicator Juvenile victimization rate victimizations per 1,000 population 12-17 Black White Hispanic "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  9. Slide 9. Poverty Indicator Percent in poverty among families with children under 18 Black Percent living in poverty Hispanic White "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  10. Slide 10. Secure Parental Employment Indicator Percent with a parent employed full-time, year-round White Hispanic Percent with secure parental employment Black "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  11. Slide 11. Suicide Indicator Suicide Rate, Ages 15-19 White Rate per 100,000 population, 15-19 Hispanic Black "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  12. Slide 12. Prekindergarten Indicator Percent Enrolled in Prekindergarten, Ages 3-4 Black White Hispanic Percent enrolled, ages 3-4 "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  13. Slide 13. College Graduation Indicator Percent with a Bachelor’s Degree, Ages 25-29 White Percent with BA degree, ages 25-29 Black Hispanic "Measuring Social Disparities" (2008) by Donald J. Hernandez and Suzanne Macartney; University at Albany, SUNY.

  14. Closing the Gaps: How long might it take? Black-White gap ● 18 years, based on 1993-2004 trends ● 54 years, based on 1985-2004 trends Hispanic-White gap ● 14 years, based on 1994-2004 trends ● 43 years, based on 1985-2004 trends

  15. Beyond Race-Ethnic Gaps: Goals for all America’s children The overall CWI score would be… ● 115 … if … Blacks and Hispanics closed the gap with Whites ● 129 … if … the U.S. achieved its best historical value for each indicator ● 144 … if … the U.S. achieved the best international value for each indicator

  16. by DONALD J. HERNANDEZ and SUZANNE E. MACARTNEY RACIAL-ETHNIC INEQUALITY IN CHILD WELL-BEING FROM 1985-2004 Department of Sociology and Center for Social & Demographic Analysis University at Albany, SUNY, Email: DonH@albany.edu, Phone: (518) 442-4668 presentation at the NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION Washington, D.C., January 29, 2008 Acknowledgements: This research was conducted with funding from the Foundation for Child Development. The authors also are grateful to Kenneth C. Land, Vicki Lamb, Sara Kahler Mustillo, and Callie Rennison. The authors bear sole responsibility for the content and views expressed here.

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