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A tour of the three domains

Binomial nomenclature. A tour of the three domains. A tour of the major groups of animals. The Three Domains. Eukarya. Protists. Fungi. Plantae. Animalia. The Three Domains. Eukarya. Protists. Have a nucleus and organelles Have proteins associated with DNA

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A tour of the three domains

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  1. Binomial nomenclature A tour of the three domains A tour of the major groups of animals

  2. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists Fungi Plantae Animalia

  3. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists • Have a nucleus and organelles • Have proteins associated with DNA • Use microtubules in a cytoskeleton, spindle apparatus, and cilia and flagella • May contain chloroplasts • May divide by mitosis and meiosis

  4. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists • Have a nucleus and organelles • Have proteins associated with DNA • Use microtubules in a cytoskeleton, spindle apparatus, and cilia and flagella • May contain chloroplasts • May divide by mitosis and meiosis

  5. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists What are the major groups of protists? • Heterotrophs • Chytrids • Water molds • Slime molds • Protozoans • Sporozoans Autotrophs • Red algae • Brown algae • Green algae • Golden algae • Diatoms Mix or Both • Euglenoids • Dinoflagellates

  6. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists What are the major groups of protists? But you can divide them into groups based on motility as well………..

  7. The Three Domains Eukarya Protists What are the major groups of protists? Heterotrophs with no locomotive apparatus: amoeba Photosynthetic Protists: Dinoflagellates Euglena Diatoms Algae Heterotrophs with flagella: Trypanosomes Heterotrophs with cilia: Paramecium

  8. Eukarya Protists Amoebas • Change shape constantly • Move by means of pseudopods • Most are free-living cells that engulf their prey • Some are symbionts in animal guts • A few are opportunistic pathogens

  9. Eukarya Protists Dinoflagellates • Flagellated • Cause of Red Tide

  10. Eukarya Protists Dinoflagellates

  11. Eukarya Protists Trypanosomes Tse-Tse fly

  12. Eukarya Protists Trypanosomes Kissing Bug

  13. Eukarya Protists Trypanosomes Undulating membrane mitochondrion basal body of flagellum free flagellum nucleus

  14. Eukarya Fungi Characteristics of Fungi • Cell walls made of chitin • Filamentous body (hyphae) • Unusual reproduction

  15. Eukarya Fungi Characteristics of Fungi • Survive in hostile habitats and colonize new habitats • Absorb mineral ions from substrates

  16. Eukarya Fungi How do Fungi feed? • Mycelium grows into food source • Tips of hyphae secrete digestive enzymes • Enzymes break down organic material into simple forms that can be absorbed by hyphae

  17. Eukarya Fungi • Fungi known from 900 mya • 56,000 known species • Three major lineages: • Zygomycota • Ascomycota (sac fungi) • Basidiomycota (club fungi) • Imperfect fungi are those not yet classified • These classifications based on sexual reproductive structures

  18. Eukarya Fungi • Zygomycota • Recognized by • Zygospores; • clonal spores • inside sporangia • Example: • Bread mold

  19. Eukarya Fungi • Zygomycota

  20. Eukarya Fungi • Ascomycota (sac fungi) • Yeast, truffles • Produce their spores in special pods or sac-like structures called asci.

  21. Eukarya Fungi • Ascomycota (sac fungi) • Morels Cup Fungi Flask Fungi

  22. Eukarya Fungi • Basidiomycota (club fungi) • Mushrooms and toadstools • Species in this phylum produce spores on a club-like structure called the basidium. The basidium may grow free or be attached to a surface called the hymenium.

  23. Eukarya Fungi • Basidiomycota (club fungi)

  24. Eukarya Fungi • Imperfect Fungi • Aspergillus and Penicillium

  25. Eukarya Fungi • Fungus Among Us • Ascomycetes cause • Histoplasmosis • Valley fever • Candida (“yeast”) infections • Ringworm • Athlete's foot • Ergotism • Eating some basidiomycetes can be fatal

  26. Animalia What are Animals?

  27. Animalia Phylum Platyhelminthes: Bilaterial Symmetry Flatworms, planaria, tapeworms Acoelomates Can be parasitic

  28. Animalia Planaria

  29. Animalia

  30. Animalia Phylum Platyhelminthes: Bilaterial Symmetry Have an excretory system Flame cells contain cilia that move water and other materials through the system Most have nerve nets Hermaphroditic: each individual has both male and female parts

  31. Animalia Fluke Life Cycle

  32. Animalia Phylum Nemotoda: Pseudocoelom and Complete Digestive Tract Roundworms Have a cuticle – sheds as it grows

  33. Animalia

  34. Animalia C. elegans

  35. Animalia

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