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The Cold War: Key Terms

The Cold War: Key Terms. Superpowers. Nations stronger than other powerful nations Examples: U.S. & U.S.S.R. during the Cold War. Cold War. State of tension and hostility between nations aligned with the United States on one side and the USSR on the other …

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The Cold War: Key Terms

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  1. The Cold War: Key Terms

  2. Superpowers • Nations stronger than other powerful nations • Examples: U.S. & U.S.S.R. during the Cold War

  3. Cold War • State of tension and hostility between nations aligned with the United States on one side and the USSR on the other … • Rarely led to direct armed conflict • Korea • Vietnam • Fear of Nuclear War

  4. United States • Major Superpower of the Cold War • “Leader of the Free World” • “Protector of Freedom” • A Democratic Republic • Capitalist Economy – free enterprise • Resorted to questionable tactics to stop Soviet expansion • Supporting noncommunist dictators • Bay of Pigs invasion

  5. Soviet Union • Union of Soviet Socialist Republics / U.S.S.R. • Superpower during the Cold War • Archenemy of the United States • Leader of the Communist world

  6. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Organization • United States & its (noncommunist) allies

  7. Warsaw Pact • Military alliance between the Soviet Union and its allies

  8. Berlin Wall • Concrete barrier erected in 1961 to divide East and West Berlin • Communist East Germany • Noncommunist West • A Cold War symbol • Fell in 1989

  9. SEATO • Southeast-Asia Treaty Organization • Founded in 1955 • Alliance between the U.S. & its allies • U.S., Britain, France, Australia, Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand, Philippines

  10. CENTO • Central Treaty Organization • Britain, Turkey, Iran, and Pakistan

  11. Soviet Bloc • Soviet Union and its allies • See packet map

  12. Fidel Castro • Cuban leader • Led the Cuban Revolution: organized an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator and in 1959, Castro led his guerilla army to victory and set about transforming Cuba. • Established a communist state • Soviet ally

  13. Cuba • Communist state • 90 miles off the coast of Florida • U.S. had a trade embargo against it • Currently led by Raul Castro

  14. Bay of Pigs Invasion • U.S. attempt to bring down the Communist regime in Cuba - 1961 • Ended in failure • Embarrassment for the Kennedy Administration

  15. Trade Embargo • The refusal to buy or sell goods from a country • Tactic to force change / show disapproval • “An economic punishment” • The United States’ trade embargo against Cuba.

  16. Joseph Stalin • Soviet dictator from 1924 – 1953 • Ruthless • Responsible for more deaths than Hitler

  17. Purges • The “elimination” of political enemies aka “enemies of the state” which included those anti-communist AND OR anti-Stalin • Would be considered “cruel and unusual punishment” in the United States • Ensured Stalin’s totalitarian rule • Basic definition: to purify

  18. Ideology • System of thoughts, beliefs, values • Communist ideology vs. a democratic ideology

  19. Command Economy • Economic system associated with communism • System in which gov’t officials make all basic economic decisions • What do produce? • How to produce it? • For whom to produce?

  20. Containment • The U.S. strategy of keeping communism within its existing boundaries & preventing its further expansion.

  21. The Cold War:Background • Began after WW II between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. • Period of great tension • Armed conflicts in Korea & Vietnam • Potential threat of Nuclear War • Would impact world history for over 40 years • Superpowers formed alliances • “Anything you can do, I can do better.” (while trying to prevent the other side from hurting you/ obtaining an advantage)

  22. European Nations:Communist or Free? • Czechoslovakia • Communist

  23. Communist or Free? • East Germany • Communist

  24. Communist or Free? • Finland • Free

  25. Communist or Free? • France • Free

  26. Communist or Free? • Great Britain • Free

  27. Hungary • Communist

  28. Italy • Free

  29. Norway • Free

  30. Poland • Communist

  31. Portugal • Free

  32. Romania • Communist

  33. Soviet Union • Communist

  34. Spain • Free

  35. Sweden • Free

  36. West Germany • Free

  37. Yugoslavia • Communist

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