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Partisanship in 1800 and Jefferson’s Conciliation

Partisanship in 1800 and Jefferson’s Conciliation. The High Federalists take political advantage. Capitalizing on public anger and fear toward France, the Federalists pushed three laws through Congress:

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Partisanship in 1800 and Jefferson’s Conciliation

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  1. Partisanship in 1800 and Jefferson’s Conciliation

  2. The High Federalists take political advantage Capitalizing on public anger and fear toward France, the Federalists pushed three laws through Congress: 1) The Naturalization Act – increased the time it took for an immigrant to become a naturalized citizen from 5 to 14 years. 2) Alien Act - allowed the President to deport “dangerous” aliens (foreigners) without trial. 3) Sedition Act – labeled public opinions that were critical or damaging to the government as “seditious” and punishable by law. Were these laws Constitutional? How were they political?

  3. Two wrongs do not make a right . . . • Jefferson and the Republicans look to the states to fight the Alien and Sedition Acts: Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions • Public statements made by state legislatures of KY and VA that oppose Alien and Sedition acts as unconstitutional. (drafted by Jefferson and Madison) • Claimed states could “nullify” unconstitutional federal laws because it would be considered as a broken “contract” between central and state governments. This is known as the Compact Theory. Is this Constitutional?

  4. The Election of 1800 • Re-match of Election 1796 (Adams vs. Jefferson) • Main issues: Relations with France and Alien/Sedition Acts • This election is seen as the first modern campaign: • Organized political parties to “get out the vote” • Negative advertising • Extreme bitterness between parties/candidates • Controversy: Since Constitution never envisioned political parties, it made no provision for a separate ballot for the President and Vice-President (the second place vote winner would become the VP). This caused a when Jefferson and his VP Burr ended up in a tie for President. The Federalists in the House of Representatives made it difficult to settle this election.

  5. The “Revolution of 1800” and a “Lame Duck” President • The term “revolution of 1800” refers to the this election represented the first time power transferred between political parties. • How would the parties respond? • What should an outgoing President do during the transition? • The “lame duck” Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801. • The “lame duck” Adams appointments judges in his last remaining days. These are sometimes called the “midnight appointments/judges”.

  6. Jefferson’s Response: Jefferson used his inaugural address, the speech given by the President at his swearing in ceremony, to announce his Conciliatory Policy. What is Conciliation? Using Jefferson’s speech, how did plan to resolve partisan problems? Using Jefferson’s speech, what were the goals of his administration?

  7. Jefferson’s early administration Using the worksheet, President Jefferson leads the Nation, what appears to be Jefferson’s priorities as President?

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