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COMPUTER BASICS

COMPUTER BASICS. Module Review. After completing the Computer Basics Terms Worksheet, use this presentation to review any concepts you had questions on or to check your answers to the worksheet.

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COMPUTER BASICS

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  1. COMPUTER BASICS Module Review

  2. After completing the Computer Basics Terms Worksheet, use this presentation to review any concepts you had questions on or to check your answers to the worksheet. On the next slide, click on the section button that you would like to review. When you have completed that section, click TOPIC to go back to the choices. Click END when you are finished reviewing for the test.

  3. TOPICSSelect from the following topics: Input and Output Computers Memory and Storage Hardware/ Software History END

  4. INPUT • Examples of input include words or symbols, pictures, temperature from a thermometer, music or voice audio signals, instructions from another computer • Input devices include keyboard, scanners, joystick • Gathers information and transforms it into a series of electronic signals for the computer.

  5. OUTPUT • Examples of output from a computer include reports, pictures, graphs, and documents. • Output devices include speakers, monitors, and printers. • Displays, prints or transmits the results of processing. • It is useful information that leaves the system (processed information). TOPICS

  6. COMPUTERS A computer and its associated storage devices that are accessed remotely over a network by users is a server.

  7. COMPUTERS A large, powerful, expensive computer system capable of accommodating hundreds of users doing a variety of computing tasks is a mainframe.

  8. COMPUTERS A personal computer based on a microprocessor is a desktop microcomputer.

  9. COMPUTERS The original design of personal computers was based on the IBM PC design.

  10. COMPUTERS A device with a keyboard, mouse and system components all in one compact unit is a laptop. TOPICS

  11. MEMORY • RAM (Random Access Memory) is the main memory and stores data and programs while the computer is running. When the computer is turned off anything in main memory disappears. Computer can read from and write to this memory. • ROM (Read Only Memory) is a computer chip that stores specific instructions to manage the computer’s operation. Unlike main memory, this type of memory is non-volatile—the instructions remain permanently on the chip and cannot be changed.

  12. MEMORY AND STORAGE • BIT is the fundamental unit of information with just two possible values (0 or 1) • A sequence of adjacent bits (usually 8) operated on as a unit by a computer is a BYTE.

  13. STORAGE • Hard Disk is a rigid magnetic disk mounted permanently in a computer drive unit. • A small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff envelope with a radial slit is a floppy disk. • Zip disk is a magnetic disk storage device that has more capacity than a floppy disk. (Not used much) • CD-ROM is a compact disk that functions as a read-only memory.

  14. HANDLING DISKS/FILES • Write-protected is used to modify (file or disk) so that its data cannot be edited or erased. • Format is used to prepare a disk for use on a specific type of drive by imprinting the disk with the information it needs to work in that particular kind of drive. Make sure you know what you are doing when you format a disk, because everything on the disk will be erased.

  15. Processor speed is measured by MegaHertz (MHz) TOPICS

  16. HARDWARE • Hardware is the electronic and mechanical peripheral devices that make up a computer. • The stuff you can touch!

  17. HARDWARE • Hardware is the electronic and mechanical peripheral devices that make up a computer. • The stuff you can touch!

  18. HARDWARE • The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brains” of the computer which is housed on a tiny silicon chip. This is where the mathematical calculations and logical comparisons are done.

  19. HARDWARE • Pentium is the name given to Intel’s P5 chip, the successor to the 80486.

  20. SOFTWARE • Program is a series of commands and executable files that produce an expected result.

  21. SOFTWARE • Operating system software is a type of software that provides an interface between the user or application software and the computer hardware. • Application software is a type of software program that performs a specific function such as presentations (i.e. PowerPoint, Word, Excel, etc.)

  22. SOFTWARE • A computer interface that enables a user to launch commands by pointing and clicking at graphical objects such as windows, icons, and menu items is GUI (Graphical User Interface) • ICON is an image that represents an executable file. TOPICS

  23. HISTORY • Charles Babbage invented the difference machine. • Grace Hopper coined the term debugging as she found a moth was causing the computer relay to not work.

  24. HISTORY • Bill Gates’ system (i.e. Windows) and application (i.e. Microsoft Office) software is what made him rich. • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak were two creators of Apple Corporation. TOPICS

  25. Are you ready for the test now? Good luck!

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