Computer Basics

1. Computer Basics

2. Topic 1:The Role of Computers

3. Objective: Describe the role of computers in our daily life.

4. The Role of Computers: • A computer is an electronic device that you can use to store and process information. Computers help you perform a variety of tasks such as receiving and sending e-mail messages to family and friends, making presentations, and maintaining records. Computers are used for various business and recreational activities. You can save time, effort, and money by using computers. • Computers play a major role in our daily lives. They are used virtually everywhere we go, such as industries, schools, government offices, and shops.

5. The following slides describe the use of computers in various fields. • Education • Business & Finance • Healthcare • Scientific Research • Government Affairs • Arts & Entertainment • Publishing

6. Education • In the field of education, trainers can use computers to perform various tasks such as deliver training through audio-visual learning aids, maintain student records to track performance, search for information on different topics, and create assignments.

7. Business and Personal Finance • In the field of business, you can use computers to maintain accounts, create personnel records, track inventory, prepare presentations and reports, manage projects, and communicate by e-mail. You can use computer technology to view the details of your bank account, get instant information on stock markets, trade stocks, and manage investments.

8. Healthcare • In the field of healthcare, computers can be used to perform various tasks such as reviewing medical records of patients. Using computers, doctors can easily search information about latest drugs that are available to treat a disease. In addition, doctors use computer technology to discuss and share information about various diseases.

9. Scientific Research • Scientists use computers for research, scientific modeling, and data analysis. For example, scientists use computers to perform complex mathematical computations, to view and analyze images from space, and to publish information on their recent research. They also use computer programs to simulate a structure, organism, or arrangement and then evaluate how it performs under different situations.

10. Government Affairs • In government organizations, you can use computers to organize information by storing and maintaining records. Computers are also used for providing services to citizens. For example, you can view information on current policies and government issues on a computer.

11. Arts and Entertainment • You can use computers to create drawings and paintings. Photographers use computers to edit and enhance pictures. Writers use computers to write content for their books and to create illustrations. Using computers, writers can make changes in the content easily and save time. • You can also use computers for entertainment. You can listen to music, watch movies, store and print photographs, send greetings, and play games by using a computer.

12. Publishing • You can use computers to design any type of publication ranging from simple newsletters to fashion magazines, marketing materials, books, or newspapers.

13.  Think It Through  • You have seen that computers play a role in virtually every aspect of our life. • Create a Tree Map that describes how you and your family interact with computers in the seven areas we looked at: Education, Business & Finance, Healthcare, Scientific Research, Government Affairs, Arts & Entertainment, and Publishing. • For each area, write a complete sentence that explains how a computer plays a role in your or a family members life.

14. Tree Map For each area, write a complete sentence that explains how a computer plays a role in your or a family members life. The light blue boxes will grow as you type.

15. TOP SECRET --No Peeking!— (Delete or drag this box over to check your answers) Tree Map My mom can access money online or at an ATM even when the bank is closed. I can conduct research for school projects and check my grades online. My medical records are stored on computers at the doctors office. Weather scientists use computers to predict when a Hurricane will hit our area. I can go online to email my mayor, congressman or senator about things that I want changed. Many films that I watch use 3D effects and digital effects that are not possible without computers. I can email pictures to be printed and my favorite magazine is created on computers. For each area, write a complete sentence that explains how a computer plays a role in your or a family members life.

16.  Think It Through  • Writing: Write a short story that describes one day in your life without computers. Consider that virtually everything with a digital display is a computer: from your phone to your car. How would your life be different, better, worse and the same? • Remember to include a good introduction, write clearly, use good word choice and correct grammar/ spelling.

17. Strive For Success  • Time to check your understanding of Topic 1: The Role of Computers. • Our class will take a quiz on ____(Quiz Date)_______. • Use your Study Guide and Think It Through Activities to strive for success on the quiz!

18. Topic 2:The Parts of a Computer

19. Objective: Identify the external and internal parts of a computer.

20. Parts of a Computer • A computer has various parts inside and out. Each part performs a specific function. • First, you will learn to identify the parts of the computer visually. • Later, you will learn the functions of these different parts.

21. 2 External Front 1 1. Optical Drive (CD/ DVD Drive) 2. Empty Bays (If you want to add an extra Optical Drive) 3. Power Button 4. Extra USB Ports 5. Sound Input Port (Microphone) 6. Sound Output Port (Headphones) 7. Sound Output (Speaker) 2 3 5 7 4 7

22. External Back 1 1. Power Supply with cooling fan 2. Keyboard and Mouse Ports (These are being replaced with USB ports in new PCs)Purple-Keyboard Green- Mouse 3. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Ports 4. Video Port- For Monitor or Projection System (Video Card) 5. Parallel Port- For Printers or Scanners without a USB cord (pretty rare now) 6. Ethernet Port- To connect to Internet (NIC Card) 7. Empty Bay- Allows extra room for other cards to be added later. 8. Sound Input/Output (Sound Card) Pink- Headphones Green- Speakers Blue- Microphone 2 3 5 4 6 4 7 8 6

23. Internal 6. Optical (CD) Drive 1 1. Power Supply Optical Drive 2 or Empty Bay Front Back Empty Bay 7. 3.5 Floppy Drive 2. CPU w/ Fan CPUwith Fan 9. RAM 8. Hard DriveBehind Wall 3. Video Card 4. Sound Card 5. NICCard 10. Motherboard

25.  Think It Through  • Use the pictures and labels on the following slides to test your memory. Can you drag the labels to the correct the parts of the computer inside and out? • Work alone, then work with a partner and help each other check your work.

26. Power Supply  Think It Through  Sound Card NICCard Motherboard CPUwith Fan RAM Optical Drive Video Card CPU Hard Drive

27. TOP SECRET --No Peeking!— (Delete or drag this box over to check your answers)  Think It Through  Power Supply Optical Drive RAM CPUwith Fan CPU Hard Drive Video Card Sound Card Motherboard NICCard

28. 1  Think It Through  Power Supply Keyboard & Mouse Ports 2 Sound Input/ Output 3 USB Ports 5 4 Parallel Ports Video Port 6 4 7 Ethernet Port Empty Bay 8 6

29. 1 TOP SECRET --No Peeking!— (Delete or drag this box over to check your answers) Power Supply  Think It Through  Keyboard & Mouse Ports 2 3 USB Ports 5 4 Parallel Ports Video Port Ethernet Port 6 4 Empty Bay 7 Sound Input/ Output 8 6

30. 2  Think It Through  Optical Drive Power Button 1 2 USB Ports Sound Input Port Microphone 3 5 7 Sound Output Speaker Sound Output Port Headphone 4 Empty Bay 7

31. Empty Bay TOP SECRET --No Peeking!— (Delete or drag this box over to check your answers) 2  Think It Through  Optical Drive 1 2 Power Button 3 5 7 Sound Output Port Headphone Sound Input Port Microphone 4 USB Ports 7 Sound Output Speaker

32. Strive For Success  • Time to check your understanding of Topic 2: The Parts of a Computer. • Our class will take a quiz on ____(Quiz Date)_______. • Use your Study Guide and Think It Through Activities to strive for success on the quiz!

33. Topic 3:The Functions of a Computer

34. Objective: - Identify the four major functions of a computer.- Identify basic computer terms.

35. Computer Functions: A computer has four functions: 1. To Accept data- Input 2. To Process data- Processing 3. To Produce output- Output 4. To Store results- Storage …… Input Output

36. Input Everything a user “tells” a computer. Commands are given to the computer in different ways depending on the type of Interface being used. They can be a typed command, selected from a menu, or clicked with a mouse. Running programs, software, uploading data and responding to a computers question are also considered Input. Input

37. Processing The thinking that the computer does - the calculations, comparisons, and decisions. A computer’s speed is often compared to its central processing unit (CPU), the part of the computer where all computer processing takes place. However, speed is also affected by the amount of RAM memory that is available. ……

38. Output Data that has been processed into useful form, now called Information. It can be described as: Hard copy: printed on paper or other permanent media Soft copy: displayed on the screen or by other non-permanent means Output

39. Storage If you do not save your work to a Storage Device like the computer’s Hard Drive, a USB Drive, a CD or a Network Drive like the Assignment Drive, that information will be lost when you close the program. Memory Speed measures the time it takes to move data in or out of memory. It is measured in megahertz (MHz). Memory Capacity measures the amount of data that a device can hold. It is measured in bytes. The Prefix Mega (MB), Giga (GB) and Tera (TB) describe if the bytes are numbered in the Millions, Billions or Trillions.

40. Storage Devices • You use storage devices to keep computer information for later use. Storage devices come in many forms. Some examples are hard drive or disk, CD-ROM, floppy disk, and DVD-ROM. Storage devices can be divided into two types, internal storage devices and external storage devices. Some common storage devices are : • Hard Disk • Floppy Disk • CD-ROM or DVD-ROM • USB Flash Drive • Cloud Storage

41. Hard Disk Drive & Floppy Disk • Hard disk drive. A magnetic disk that is usually the main storage device on most computers. It can be an external or an internal device. • Floppy disk. A portable storage device that allows you to store a small amount of data. A disadvantage of this disk is that it can be easily damaged by heat, dust, or magnetic fields.

42. CD and DVD ROM • CD-ROM. A portable storage medium that allows you to store 400 times more data than on a floppy disk. It is less prone to damage than a floppy disk. • DVD-ROM. A portable storage medium that is similar to a CD-ROM; however, it can store larger amounts of data than a floppy disk or a CD-ROM. A DVD-ROM is commonly used to store movies and videos.

43. Flash Storage • USB flash drive. A small portable storage device that is typically the size of a thumb. They can be plugged into any computer with a USB drive and as such are a very popular medium of storage. • Flash Memory Cards. Used in digital cameras, cell phones, video game consoles and MP3 players, flash memory cards come in many shapes and sizes. You will need a card reader to retrieve the information once it is removed from the device.

44. Cloud Storage • Cloud storage service. A modern, fast growing storage service that uses the Internet and central remote servers to maintain and store data and applications. For example, iTunes allows you to back up your devices to Cloud Storage. There are many free and paid cloud storage services available.

45. Mass Storage Capacities

46. Hardware • Hardware refers to all the physical components of a computer. It includes all input devices, processing devices, storage devices, and output devices. The keyboard, mouse, motherboard, monitor, hard disk, cables, and printer are all examples of hardware. • You use hardware to provide input to a computer and also to get the desired output. For example, when you play a musical instrument, such as a piano, you provide input by pressing the keys and get the desired output in the form of music. Similarly, computers also need input and output devices to perform tasks.

47. Software • Software refers to instructions that tell a computer how to perform a function. Software can also be referred to as a program or application. Software must be downloaded to a computer and installed before it can be used. • The distinction between software and hardware is sometimes confusing because they are so integrally linked. Clearly, when you purchase a program, you are buying software. But to buy the software, you need to buy the disk or device (hardware) on which the software is stored.

48. Networks • You can connect your computer to other computers to share information and hardware components. A group of computers and associated devices that are linked together to facilitate sharing information is called a network. Networks can also be used to share data and devices such as printers. You can also communicate with other computer users on the network. • Our entire school is connected on a network. You can access the “Template” Drive from any computer in our school. You can send a document from any classroom to print in the office.

49. LANs & WANs • Depending upon the area covered, a network can be categorized as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN). • LAN - A Local Area Network connects devices within a limited area, such as a home or a small group of offices. It commonly includes computers and shared resources such as printers and scanners. • WAN - A Wide Area Network is a network that connects devices in geographically separated areas. You can use the resources of a WAN to connect two or more LANs by using long wires, optical cables, and satellites. Many organizations use a WAN to connect their networks across different countries. The Internet is an example of a WAN.

50. Generally, a LAN is connected by cables that physically meet each other. Whereas a WAN uses the Internet to connect the computers and components.