Understanding Government Systems and Legal Principles

1. 4th9 weeks exam review

2. 1. A judge who relies on a precedent set by another judge is making a ruling based on • judicial review. • common law. • administrative law • constitutional law.

3. 2. The authority to interpret and administer the law is called • common law. • judicial review. • jurisdiction. • administrative law.

4. 3. The principle of judicial review was established by • John Marshall. • Franklin D. Roosevelt. • James Madison. • William Marbury.

5. 4. The highest court in the United States is • a court of appeals. • the U.S. Claims Court. • the Supreme Court. • a district court.

6. 5. A person convicted of a crime in a district court has the right to • appeal the verdict in a circuit court. • appeal the verdict to the grand jury. • appeal directly to the Supreme Court. • request a new trial in the district court.

7. 6. The constitutional right to a fair trial includes • the right of appeal. • the right to a jury trial. • the right to have a lawyer. • all of the above

8. 7. The job of a federal district judge is • to defend government officials charged with criminal misconduct. • to defend the United States in lawsuits with foreign nations or individuals. • to conduct civil and criminal trials. • to work with Congress in passing new laws.

9. 8. All federal judges are • elected to office. • appointed by the president. • hired by the Supreme Court. • appointed by the Senate.

10. 9. A governor's duties include all of the following EXCEPT • interpreting state laws. • drawing up state budgets. • appointing state officials. • carrying out state laws.

11. 10. The two houses of a state legislature have passed different versions of a bill giving tax breaks to small-business owners. The most likely place the bill would go next is to • the governor. • a referendum. • the floor of both houses. • a joint conference committee.

12. 11. A peaceful protest in a downtown area turns into a riot. The mayor of the city asks the governor for help from the • Department of Public Safety. • army. • National Guard. • Department of the Interior.

13. 12. Local governments get their powers from • lawmakers of the territory. • the federal government. • the state. • a referendum.

14. 13. Several children become sick after swimming in a public swimming pool. An investigation would most likely be conducted by the • Department of Human Services. • State Board of Health. • Public Water Commission. • Department of Public Safety.

15. 14. What is the name of the process used to remove elected officials from their office? • a referendum • an initiative • a recall • a constituent

16. 15. The 1964 case of Reynolds v. Sims • upheld the principle of “one person, one vote.” • upheld the principles of bicameral legislatures. • allowed the governor of Nebraska to take control of the Senate. • gave women the right to vote in state elections.

17. 16. Civil cases usually focus on • human rights. • property or money. • criminal misconduct. • racial discrimination.

18. 17. The mayor of a city has equal voting power with the members of the city council. This is an example of a • council member at large plan. • strong-mayor plan. • weak-mayor plan. • council-manager plan.

19. 18. Under the council-manager plan of government, the city manager is • appointed by the mayor. • elected by the people of the city. • appointed by the city council. • appointed by the governor.

20. 19. Today township governments have decreased in importance as many governmental responsibilities have been taken over by • territories. • cities. • metropolitan areas. • villages.

21. 20. State, federal, and local governments cooperate in • collecting taxes. • attracting industry. • providing education. • setting voting requirements.

22. 21. If a city manager is not doing a good job, he or she • can be fired by the city council. • can be impeached. • can be voted out of office. • cannot be held accountable.

23. 22. An ordinance passed by a city government • must comply with state laws only. • must comply with state and federal laws. • applies to the entire county. • must be approved by a referendum.

24. 23. Three officials in county government are the • sheriff, auditor, and mayor. • sheriff, clerk, and treasurer. • constable, mayor, and treasurer. • auditor, governor, and clerk.

25. 24. A county manager is appointed to • collect taxes for the county. • enforce city ordinances. • make county government more efficient. • oversee all the cities in the county.

26. 25. The two major political parties today are • Progressive and Democrat. • Federalist and Republican. • Whig and Democrat. • Republican and Democrat.

27. 26. Each political party's candidates for president and vice president are formally chosen at the • general election. • runoff election. • party caucus. • national nominating convention.

28. 27. A candidate for president receives the popular vote in the • primary election. • Electoral College. • general election. • party caucus.

29. 28. You have just turned 18 years old. The first thing you will have to do before you are allowed to vote is • take a literacy test. • register to vote. • join a political party. • prove that you have completed high school.

30. 29. A presidential candidate of the Democratic Party wins 51 percent of the popular vote. Which of the following statements is correct? • The candidate must next be confirmed by the Senate and the House of Representatives. • The candidate will become president. • The candidate will become president only with a majority of electoral college votes. • A runoff election must be held to determine the new president.

31. 30. Members of national committees can be chosen in all the following ways EXCEPT by the • voters in a national election. • state central committee. • voters in a statewide election. • party's presidential candidate.

32. 31. The Democratic and Republican Parties do all of the following EXCEPT • organize at the local, state, and national levels. • raise money to pay for their expenses. • establish state qualifications for voting. • set up committees to carry out their parties' programs.

33. 32. To register to vote, you must • show your high school diploma. • pay a small processing fee. • give your name, address, and date of birth. • prove that you can read and write.

34. 33. Public opinion is the • opinion of registered voters. • opinion of all people who are eligible to vote. • total of the opinions held concerning a particular issue. • opinion of elected officials.

35. 34. Lobbyists influence government officials by doing all of the following EXCEPT • testifying at committee hearings. • helping to write bills. • organizing political action committees. • asking members of Congress to sponsor bills.

36. 35. The main reason that so few people in the United States vote is that • it is not convenient for most people to get to the polls. • most people are not registered to vote. • most people believe that their votes will not make a difference. • most people do not prefer one candidate over another.

37. 36. When conducting a poll, it is important to • have a famous person endorse the results. • select an effective lobbyist to help conduct the poll. • select a representative sample of the population being surveyed. • select an issue that interests most people.

38. 37. Propaganda can be used • to sway people's attitudes, opinions, and behaviors. • by the government in a democratic society. • by the government in a totalitarian society. • all of the above

39. 38. A public interest group • represents the financial interests of a specific group. • focuses on a specific issue like racial equality. • may work to protect the environment. • must affiliate itself with one of the major political parties.

40. 39. The most important opportunity for citizens to participate in government is through • voting. • demonstrating. • lobbying. • reading the newspaper.

41. 40. In order to volunteer for a political campaign, • you must be at least 16 years old. • you must make a small financial contribution to the party. • you must register with the candidate's political party. • none of the above

42. 41. Individual income tax is based on a person's • real and personal property. • total income. • willingness to pay. • taxable income.

43. 42. If the United States had a balanced budget, • each state would receive the same amount of money from the federal government. • the amount of money that was spent would equal the amount of money that was collected through taxes and other means. • the same amount of money would be spent on all government programs. • the amount of money that was brought in would exceed the amount of money that was spent.

44. 43. Debate over the federal government's budget usually centers on whether the government should • change its priorities. • sell stock. • collect taxes. • sell bonds.

45. 44. If taxpayers miss the April 15 payment deadline, • they can be put in jail. • they are charged interest and penalty fees. • they could lose their job. • they become ineligible to run for public office.

46. 45. Which federal agency collects tariffs on imported goods? • Internal Revenue Service • U.S. Customs Service • Office of Management and Budget • Government Accountability Office

47. 46. The chief source of income for most local governments is the • income tax. • property tax. • sales tax. • excise tax.

48. 47. Before the federal government began collecting personal income taxes, an important source of revenue was • estate taxes. • inheritance taxes. • tariffs. • bonds.

49. THE END