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18S rRNA clone library of phytoplankton in the Columbia River and its coastal zone. By Pete Kahn Mentors: Lydie Herfort and Peter Zuber. http://www.mapwatch.com/news-blog/images/phytoplankton.jpg. Significance of phytoplankton. Major producers: O 2 : 90% CO 2 =>C 3 : 50%
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18S rRNA clone library of phytoplankton in the Columbia River and its coastal zone By Pete Kahn Mentors: Lydie Herfort and Peter Zuber http://www.mapwatch.com/news-blog/images/phytoplankton.jpg
Significance of phytoplankton • Major producers: O2: 90% CO2=>C3: 50% • Base of aquatic food chain
Interactions with other Domains BacterioplanktonColonization : POC=>DOC Competition for NO32- and NH3? http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Tree_of_Life/Domains_Archaea_Bacteria/Domains_of_life.jpg
Significance: Why is CMOP interested in Phytoplankton? • Base of aquatic food chain • Major producers: O2: 90%; CO2=>C3: 50% • Interaction with other two Domains -Crenarchaeota: “competition” -Bacterioplankton: colonization -POC=>DOC Marine Phytoplankton bloom off the coast of Argentina http://www.mapwatch.com/news-blog/images/phytoplankton.jpg
Traditional Methods Flow cytometry Microscopy: Pediastrium • Microscopy • Flow Cytometry • Chlorophyll a • Photosynthesis: O2 production C14 uptake http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Picoplancton_cytometrie.jpg http://www.keweenawalgae.mtu.edu/ALGAL_IMAGES/chlorophyceans/Pediastrium_n16_dollartow3_402_c.jpg Filtering for chlorophyll a
Objectives • 18S rRNA clone library for different seasons and different locations: 0 PSU, 30 PSU for spring and summer; compare to winter samples • Compare with Bacteria & Archaea clone libraries from Dan Murphy • Identify unexpected changes • Monitor health of ecosystem Pediastrium http://www.keweenawalgae.mtu.edu/ALGAL_IMAGES/chlorophyceans/Pediastrium_n16_dollartow3_402_c.jpg
Methods Overview Understand Phytoplankton community in estuary Phylogenetic analysis Sequence analysis w/ BLAST Yan, Q. Y., Yu, Y. H. & Feng, W. S. (2006). Genetic fingerprinting of plankton community provides new insights into aquatic ecology. Progress in Natural Science16, 893-898.
Methods Overview Water sample => Sterivex on site Total nucleic acid extraction from sterivex in lab Amplification through PCR
Variations in nucleic acid in environmental samples Oct 2006 Feb 2007 • Between seasons • Between locations April Wecoma & Forerunner: Freshwater << Surface Coastal DNA RNA