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European Inland Surface Water Typology Analysis and Future Developments

This comprehensive analysis examines the status of European inland surface water bodies based on the EUNIS habitat classification, with a focus on governance and future developments. It covers various aspects such as water scarcity, drought, climate change impact, and water resource efficiency. Preliminary results show concerning ecological status across European countries.

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European Inland Surface Water Typology Analysis and Future Developments

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  1. The EU water framework Directive typology and EUNISThe EUNIS habitat classification, governance & future developments, 3-4 October, 2011 Peter Kristensen Europan Environment Agency

  2. 170 RBMPs DG Environment Blueprint to Safeguard European Waters Analysis WFD imple-mentation Water scarcity & drought Climate change & water EEA State of European Water Synthesis/integrated Water assessment Other information Baseline (Status of waters and pressures affecting them) Further assessments – e.g. water resource efficiency, water accounts, ecosystem goods and services Thematic (focused) assessments

  3. Some preliminary results (13 MS)~70 000 inland surface water bodies • 58% of the classified European freshwater water bodies have ecological status or potential less than good • The percentage of freshwater water bodies with less than good ecological status or potential ranges from 33% in Finland to 100% in Belgium • In 10 of the 13 countries the percentage of water bodies with ecological status or potential less than good is higher than 50%

  4. C : Inland surface waters C1 : Surface standing waters • C1.1 : Permanent oligotrophic lakes, ponds and pools • C1.2 : Permanent mesotrophic lakes, ponds and pools • C1.3 : Permanent eutrophic lakes, ponds and pools • C1.4 : Permanent dystrophic lakes, ponds and pools • C1.5 : Permanent inland saline and brackish lakes, ponds and pools • C1.6 : Temporary lakes, ponds and pools • C1.7 : Permanent lake ice C2 : Surface running waters • C2.1 : Springs, spring brooks and geysers • C2.2 : Permanent non-tidal, fast, turbulent watercourses • C2.3 : Permanent non-tidal, smooth-flowing watercourses • C2.4 : Tidal rivers, upstream from the estuary • C2.5 : Temporary running waters • C2.6 : Films of water flowing over rocky watercourse margins C3 : Littoral zone of inland surface waterbodies • C3.1 : Species-rich helophyte beds • C3.2 : Water-fringing reedbeds and tall helophytes other than canes • C3.3 : Water-fringing beds of tall canes • C3.4 : Species-poor beds of low-growing water-fringing or amphibious vegetation • C3.5 : Periodically inundated shores with pioneer and ephemeral vegetation • C3.6 : Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with soft or mobile sediments • C3.7 : Unvegetated or sparsely vegetated shores with non-mobile substrates • C3.8 : Inland spray- and steam-dependent habitats

  5. http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/habitats-code-browser.jsp?expand=C#level_Chttp://eunis.eea.europa.eu/habitats-code-browser.jsp?expand=C#level_C C2.3 : Permanent non-tidal, smooth-flowing watercourses • C2.31 : Epipotamal streams • C2.32 : Metapotamal and hypopotamal streams • C2.33 : Mesotrophic vegetation of slow-flowing rivers • C2.34 : Eutrophic vegetation of slow-flowing rivers

  6. Water body typologies The Water Framework Directive covers all waters, including inland waters (surface water and groundwater) and transitional and coastal waters up to one sea mile (and for the chemical status also territorial waters which may extend up to 12 sea miles) from the territorial baseline of a Member State, independent of the size and the characteristics (Articles 2 (1) (2) and (3)). WFD Annex II: 1.1 (ii) • For each surface water category, the relevant surface water bodies within the river basin district shall be differentiated according to type. These types are those defined using either "system A" or "system B" identified in Section 1.2.

  7. Water bodies Surface water bodies • A surface water body is a section of a river, a lake, transitional waters or coastal waters. • Member States identify separate water bodies at the scale needed to manage the objectives of the directive. • Each surface water body has distinguishing features – in particular, its geology and the pollution and other pressures it faces - that set it apart from other sections of the same river, lake, transitional or coastal water.

  8. System A – standard boundaries for all MS Lakes – Area > 0.5 km2 Rivers - Catchment > 10 km2 Ecoregion Altitude <200, 200-800 & > 800 m R: size of catchment L: size and depth Geology of catchment

  9. System B – MS adapted system Rivers Lakes Obligatory factors: Altitude, Long/latitude, geology, size Optinal factors: Size, water quality, flow etc.

  10. Intercalibation types • 19 river types: 2 alpine; 6 central/Baltic; 2 eastern Continental; 4 Mediterranean & 4 Northern • 15 lake types: 1 Atlantic; 2 alpine; 3 central/Baltic; 2 Mediterranean & 7 Northern Example Rivers, Alpine

  11. Typology of Great Britain lakes 24 GB lake types based on geology, dept, and size. Total 2348 lakes 8 types with < 10 lakes; 9 types with 10-100 lakes; and 7 types with more than 100 lakes – 85 % of total Siliceous – deep Calcareous, Deep & Shallow Source: UKTAG http://www.wfduk.org/tag_guidance/Article_05/Folder.2004-02-16.5312/WP2a%20%2802%29%20Lakes%20Typology%20%28v3.PR1%29%20Summer%2004

  12. Typology German rivers Germany – Fließgewässertypen http://www.wasserblick.net/servlet/is/18727/ 9074 river water bodies avg. length 14 km 25 types

  13. Weser RBD

  14. Sweden

  15. 4. South Baltic Sea (Sweden)

  16. Heavily Modified and Artificial Water Bodies • HMWB are bodies of water which as a result of physical alterations by human activity are substantially changed in character and cannot, therefore, meet the "good ecological status" (GES). • AWB are surface water bodies which have been created in a location where no water body existed before and which have not been created by the direct physical alteration, movement or realignment of an existing water body.

  17. Hydromorphologicalpressures

  18. Navigation Storage Flood protection & drainage Source: http://www.ecologic-events.de/hmwb/documents/HMWB_DEB_CEMAGREF.pdf

  19. DG environment study – comparison of typologies • 20 MS have reported RBMPs – Rivers and lakes more than 800 types • Start October 2011 – results first half 2012 • Comparison of methodologies used (incl. biological validation) – System A or B; factors (altitude, size etc.) taken into account. • Overview of the different types used • Some types may be very specific and not relevant at EU level • Others may not be directly comparable due to methodology used • List of the main/most frequent types and • Most common shared types • Results on status and pressures related to the main/most frequent types and most common shared types • Ecological status/potential • Main pressures e.g. diffuse pollution for lowland streams • Deliverables: technical report and database

  20. Thanks for your attention

  21. Diatoms Macrophytes Chironomides

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