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Grammar Notecards

Learn the definitions and jobs of essential grammar components: noun, proper noun, article, adjective, pronoun, and preposition.

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Grammar Notecards

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  1. Grammar Notecards

  2. Noun Label/Diagram n • Other Hints • One word only • Words ending in ‘ion’ are often nouns Definition (part of speech) A person place, thing, or idea Possible Job(s): Subject, object of the preposition, predicate nominative

  3. Proper Noun Definition (part of speech) The name of a person place, thing, or idea Possible Job(s): Subject, object of the preposition, predicate nominative Label/Diagram pn ---pn--- • Other Hints • Always start with a capital letter • If more than one word, add wings (lines)

  4. Article Definition (part of speech) a, an, the Possible Job(s): modifier Label/Diagram art • Other Hints • Always come in front of the noun they modify • Answers the question “Which [noun]?”

  5. Adjective Definition (part of speech) Describe or modify nouns and pronouns Possible Job(s): modifier, predicate adjective Label/Diagram adj • Other Hints • Usually come in front of the noun they modify • Answers question “Which [noun]?”

  6. Pronoun Definition (part of speech) A word that takes the place of one or more nouns Possible Job(s): Subject, object of the preposition, predicate nominative (rarely) Label/Diagram pro • Other Hints • The word the pronoun replaces is the antecedent

  7. Preposition Definition (part of speech) A word used to show the relationship between two nouns Possible Job(s): modifier Label/Diagram pp • Other Hints • BUT AL DOES • The mouse goes _____ the box • Ends with a noun/pronoun

  8. Object of the Preposition Label/Diagram • Other Hints • Will always be… • Noun • Pronoun • Proper noun Definition (job) The noun at the end of a prepositional phrase

  9. Modifier Label/ Diagram Definition (job) A word or group of words that gives more information about something • Other Hints • Will always be… • Adjective • Adverb • Article • Prepositional Phrase • Other phrases and clauses

  10. Subject Label/Diagram Definition (job) The star of the sentence; does the action of the verb • Other Hints • Will always be… • Noun • Pronoun • Proper noun

  11. Action Verb • Other Hints • If a verb doesn’t have a subject, then it is a verbal (and should be labeled ‘v’) Definition (part of speech) A word that expresses mental or physical action Possible Job(s): verb Label/Diagram av

  12. Adverb • Other Hints • Mainly end in ‘ly’ • Adverbs that modify verbs are moveable • If an adverb modifies another modifier, a “dog’s hind leg” is used • Answers “How?” “When?” “Where?” “Why?” “To what extent?” Definition (part of speech) “All-purpose modifier”; modifies verbs, adjectives, or another adverb Possible Job(s): modifier Label/Diagram adv

  13. Direct Object • Other Hints • It will always be a noun or pronoun • To find the direct object say the subject, the verb, and ask “What?” Definition (job) •The person or thing receiving the action of the verb • The second noun in a sentence in a Pattern 2 (N-AV-N) sentence Label/Diagram

  14. Indirect Object • Other Hints • It will always be a noun or pronoun • There can never be an indirect object without a direct object Definition (job) •Something that is affected by the action of the verb • The second noun in a sentence in a Pattern 3 (N-AV-N-N) sentence Label/Diagram

  15. Linking Verb • Other Hints • If a linking verb is present, the sentence will be either Pattern 4 or Pattern 5 Definition (part of speech) •A word that links its subject with a noun (or pronoun) or an adjective • The subject of the verb is BEING something Label/Diagram lv

  16. Predicate Nominative • Other Hints • It will always be a noun or pronoun • It is always THE SAME THING as the subject Definition (job) •The noun that follows a linking verb • The second noun in a N-LV-N (Pattern 4) sentence Label/Diagram

  17. Predicate Adjective • Other Hints • It will always be describing the subject Definition (job) •The adjective that follows a linking verb • The second noun in a N-LV-ADJ (Pattern 5) sentence Label/Diagram p-adj

  18. Helping Verb • Other Hints • Together, the helping verb and the “real” verb make up the verb phrase. • Helping verbs will not always be right next to the av or lv Definition (part of speech) •A word or words which comes before a verb (av or lv) and helps form different tenses. Label/Diagram hv

  19. Conjunction Definition (part of speech) •A word (or words) that joins the same kind of word/phrase • Other Hints • Fox example: a conjunction can join two subjects together and we would call that a compound subject Label/Diagram conj (see Compound Situations notes for diagrams)

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