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DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY

DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY. PROF. DR. DOINA COZMAN. PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT FACTORS: babies. I. Imprinting – derived from ethology Holding: mother ’ s function development of attachment Social learning of emotions (see children raised without a mother/attachment figure).

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DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY

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  1. DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY PROF. DR. DOINA COZMAN

  2. PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT FACTORS: babies • I. Imprinting – derived from ethology • Holding: mother’s function development of attachment • Social learning of emotions (see children raised without a mother/attachment figure)

  3. II. INFANCY • Family, parental diad (the father figure emerges) • Grandparents • Siblings III. CHILDHOOD • family • Peers, school group IV. ADOLESCENCE • Distancing from parental models, even rejecting them • Social models emerge (friends, movie stars, teachers etc.) V. YOUNG ADULT • Biological maturation and personality maturation do not overlap • The role of the professional group • The role of community emerges

  4. BIOPSYCHOTYPOLOGY PROF. DR. DOINA COZMAN

  5. I. DEFINITIONS • 1. MEDICAL TYPOLOGY: the actual reactivity of the patient, correlations between individuals, metabolic specificities, emphasizing on the dynamics of the subject – environment relationship. The “type” provides the essential, while the individual is rich in phenomenons Allport :”typology is half way towards individuality” • 2. CONSTITUTION: permanent and essential elements (physical and psychological traits) – reactivity, phenotype and person • 3. BIOTYPOLOGIES: they postulate correlations between physical habitus and important psychological features – even since Hyppocrates and ancient astrology

  6. ANTIQUITY HYPPOCRATES: • APOPLECTIC TYPE • PHTISIC TYPE GALENUS: types: • SANGVINIC • CHOLERIC • MELANCHOLIC • PHLEGMATIC These are all words with a Greek origin, connecting a certain physical appearance with a specific tendency towards behaviours and illnesses

  7. BIOPSYCHOTYPOLOGIES CLASIFICATION • 1. Morphological criterion -MORPHOTYPES (Hyppocrates) • 2. Psychophysiological criterion (Sheldon;Pavlov: activated and inhibited CNS activity) • 3. Psychological criterion (Freud, Jung, Schneider) • 4. Mixed types (Kretschmer)

  8. KRETSCHMER • Psychiatric observations combined with comprehensive body measurements • 1. LEPTOSOM (ASTHENIC) TYPE: thin oval face, thin body, long and flat chest; psychologically ambivalent, enigmatic, aloof, abstract thinkers who keep to themselves; they tend to develop schizophrenia • 2. PICNIC TYPE: round head and face, short neck, round chest and stomach, short limbs; sociable, communicative, alternating between sadness and joy • 3. ATHLETIC TYPE: tall, well-built and proportioned body; quiet and with little imagination; • 4. Dysplastic type: somatic dismorphisms; rigid, adhesive, impulsive.

  9. SHELDON He was an endocrinologist, therefor he clasified types according to embrionary origin of organs: • 1. Endomorph variable (INTERNAL ORGANS) → VISCEROTONY • 2. Mesomorph variable (MUSCLES) → SOMATOTONY • 3. Ectomorph variable (CNS) → CEREBROTONY

  10. FREUD • For Freud development meant sexual development, and types meant stages of libido (sexual impulse) development • 1. ORAL • 2. ANAL • 3. URETHRAL • 4. PHALIC • 5. GENITAL= MATURE

  11. JUNG • Jung was a disciple of Freud, who distanced himself and defined types according to the pattern of relationship with the exterior: • INTROVERTED TYPE • EXTRAVERTED TYPE • AMBIVERT TYPE • IRRATIONAL TYPES: • 1. PERCEPTIVE • 2. INTUITIVE • RATIONAL TYPES: • 3. AFFECTIVE • 4. REFLEXIVE

  12. CLINICAL TYPOLOGY: KURT SCHNEIDER • T. Hypertymic • T. Depressive • T. Fanatic • T. Sensitive • T. Affectionless • T. Labile • T. Attention-seeking • T. Anankastic • T. Weak-willed • T. Asthenic

  13. From biopsychotypes to personality types and disorders

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