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Global Megacycles and Trends: Setting the Agenda for 21 st Century Science

Emerging Issues:. New Challenges for Understanding our Changing Planet. Berrien Moore III University of New Hampshire. Global Megacycles and Trends: Setting the Agenda for 21 st Century Science. 370. 360. 350. 340. 330. 320. 310. 1957. 1963. 1969. 1975. 1981. 1987.

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Global Megacycles and Trends: Setting the Agenda for 21 st Century Science

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  1. Emerging Issues: New Challenges for Understanding our Changing Planet Berrien Moore IIIUniversity of New Hampshire • Global Megacycles and Trends: Setting the Agenda for 21st Century Science

  2. 370 360 350 340 330 320 310 1957 1963 1969 1975 1981 1987 Mauna Loa Monthly Carbon Dioxide Record:Keeling Record 1958-2000 Carbon Dioxide (ppmv) 1993 1999 Year Source: C.D. Keeling and T.P. Whorf • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  3. Historical Atmospheric Carbon Concentration for the Last 1000 Years Extracted from the Law Dome Ice Core 360 350 Ice core 340 Atmospheric Measurements Polynomial fit 330 320 Carbon Concnetration (ppmv) 310 300 290 280 270 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 Year Source: Etheridge, et.al., Petit, et.al. • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  4. 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 Variation with Time of the Vostok Isotope Temperature Record Temperature Variation (°C) Years Before Present Source: Petit, et.al. (PAGES / IGBP) • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  5. CO2 Concentration in the Vostok Ice Core CO2 Concentration (ppmv) Source: Barnola, et.al. (PAGES / IGBP) • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  6. Vostok Ice Core CO2Concentrationand Temperature Variation Record 325 4 300 2 275 0 250 -2 CO2 Concentration (ppmv) Temperature Variation (°C) 225 -4 200 -6 175 -8 150 -10 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 Years Before Present Source: Barnola, et.al.; Petit et.al. (PAGES / IGBP) • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  7. Vostok Record Law Dome Record Mauna Loa Record IPCC IS92a Scenario CO2 Concentration in Ice Cores andAtmospheric CO2 Projection for Next 100 Years Projected (2100) CO2 Concentration (ppmv) Current (2001) (BP 1950) Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.;(PAGES / IGBP); IPCC • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  8. 7 Total Gas Liquids 6 Solids 5 Fossil Fuel Emissions ( Gt. C/yr.) 4 3 2 1 0 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 Principal Global Fossil Fuel CO2 Emissions Year Source: Marland, et.al. • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  9. Per Capita Emission Estimates 7 United States Germany (unified) Global Average 6 Peoples Rep. China India 5 Metric Tons of Carbon Emitted per Person per Year 4 3 2 1 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Year Source: Marland, et.al. • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  10. Pressure Changing Composition Emissions are likely to increase and become more globally distributed. Source: WHIGCC, 2000 • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  11. Global C Budget (PgC/y) Source: IPCC, 2001 • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  12. Global Carbon Sources and Sinks Source: GCTE / IGBP • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  13. Gt. C per year SOI 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 CO2Annual Growth Rate 8 6 4 2 30 0 -30 Year Source: R. Francey (CSIRO) • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  14. Vostok Record Law Dome Record Mauna Loa Record IPCC IS92a Scenario CO2 Concentration in Ice Cores andAtmospheric CO2 Projection for Next 100 Years Projected (2100) CO2 Concentration (ppmv) Current (2001) (BP 1950) Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.;(PAGES / IGBP); IPCC • Setting the Agenda for 21st Century Science: Global Megacycles and Trends • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  15. Greenhouse Gas Effect • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  16. IPCC Cover • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  17. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  18. Global Carbon Sources and Sinks Source: GCTE / IGBP • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  19. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  20. 0.225 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.200 0.175 0.150 0.125 0.100 0.075 0.050 Surface Flux Uncertainties GtC/Mo Using Simulated Satellite Data Surface Flux Uncertainties GtC/Mo Using Current Observational Network • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  21. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  22. Geometry of the WeatherSat Measurement Scheme • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  23. RADIOSONDE (blue) and SPACE LIDAR (green) • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  24. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  25. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  26. Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

  27. WeatherSat Global Wind Coverage 10 M/S • Preparing Students for Careers in Remote Sensing Applications

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